300 test3

kidney functions

filtration, detoxification, cv homeostasis-water and salt retention

three endocrine signals

erythropoietin, cyp27b1, renin

what happens when too little and too much water is in the system

heart does not function properly, low blood pressure and o2. too much- pressure increases

too many substances in blood vs too little

tm- cells shrink, tl- cells burst

wasy to change solute concentration

can not just change volume. adjusted by removing na not water

glomerulus

capillary bed and has high pressure to push fluids into nephron

peritubular capillaries

capillary bed and low pressure

first part of the kideny tubule

water leaves by osmosis

2 part of kidney tubule

salt leaves by passive diffusion

3 part of kideny tubule

sakt pumped out

4-6 of kidney tubule

controlled concentration. if avp is present then its permeable to water and urea and if dehydtraded you reabsorb water

avp/adh

conserve water, increase volume, resistanec, and bp

ang2

conserve indirectly water increase volume, resistance, and bp, and reabsorb salt

aldosterone

conserve indirectly water, increase volume and bp, reabsorb salt

anp/anf

excrete water and salt, decrease volume resistance, and bp

vasopressin

increases water reabsorption

osmprecepter

detects sodium concentration plasma and changes cell size- more salt-receptor shrinks-signal release-adh

baroreceptor

in arteries and changes in vessel diameter to control vasopressin release

Central Diabetes Insipidus

lack of vasopressin secretion and is aquired, mutations. treated by vp therapy, hydration

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

hereditary-recptor malfunction, treated by vp therapy, mild salt depletion

actions of angiostensin 2 in kidney

stimulates na uptake by kidney cells and na export from basal side of cell

what is aldersterone simulaed by

angiostin 2, is a steroid the binds to nuclear mr and stimulates sodium retention, k excretion

main drivers of aldosterone secretion

blood potassium and blood volume

aldosterone production

Triggered by the RAAS system (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System):

Low blood pressure, low sodium, or high potassium levels

Renin converts angiotensinogen → angiotensin I

Angiotensin I → angiotensin II (by ACE enzyme)

Angiotensin II tells the adrenal gland to release aldosterone