4.1 + 4.2 Energy, Producers, and Consumers & Energy Flow in Ecosystems >

Herbivores diet

________ is made up of plants (ex- cows, caterpillars, deer)

Omnivores

________- These organisms consume both plants and animals (ex- humans, bears, pigs)

chemosynthetic bacteria

The ________ survived and gained energy using this process, where they took the chemical energy from volcanic vents, and this same energy was also passed on to other living organisms in the ecosystem)

Carnivores They

________ kill and consume other animals to survive (ex- dogs, cats)

Chemosynthesis

________- Similar to photosynthesis, ________ is when chemical energy is harnessed to create carbohydrates.

Detritivores

________- consume detritus to obtain nutrients /energy.

Photosynthesis

________- The process where plants utilize solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars /starches.

Consumer

________- Another name for Heterotrophs; these organisms are unable to make their own energy.

Autotrophs These organisms

________ are able to get energy from nonliving sources and convert them into usable energy for living beings.

Detritus Dead

________ /decaying plant /animal remains.

Primary Producer Primary Producers

________ are how energy enters food webs and are the first producers of energy- rich organic matter.

(For example

In the dark depths of the Pacific Ocean, there are ecosystems that are powered by chemosynthesis

Carnivores- They kill and consume other animals to survive (ex

dogs, cats)

Scavengers- As the name suggests, these animals look for dead carcasses to consume (ex

vulture)

Omnivores- These organisms consume both plants and animals (ex

humans, bears, pigs)

Decomposers- These organisms feed by breaking down organic matter (ex

bacteria, fungi)

Number Pyramid

Displays the population of individual organisms at each trophic level

Energy Pyramid

Shows the energy found in each trophic level as it moves up. The bottom has the most energy, and the top has the least.

Biomass pyramid

Shows the weight of different organisms at each trophic level

The two primary sources of energy that power living systems

Photosynthesis and Chemosynthesis