Probation and Correction Exam 1

Determinate Sentencing

Sentence that’s fixed at time of sentencing. Flat and Mandatory sentences

Deterrence

Theory that advocates punishment to discourage illegal behavior by making punishments swift, certain, and sever

Intermediate Sanctions

Sentence where there’s a minimum and maximum. Not fixed sentence, but flexible in the of release

Lex Talionis

ancient form of justice- eye for an eye- Offender to receive equivalent crime

Rehabilitation

The goal of punishment that emphasizes the treatment and reform of offenders

Retribution

Offenders must pay their debt to society

Selective Incapacitation

Target small group of chronic offenders for long prison terms. As result, crime rate decreases

State combined method of administration is

Sanction Stacking

The tendency to sentence the offender to a number of different punishments

James Wilson

First conservative criminologist with a new way of thinking about criminals- cold calculators w low stake in conformity, commit crime for the perceived benefits

Grand Jury

Determines if there is enough evidence to justify sentence

Prosecution

Determines if and what charges will be filed in a criminal case