paper chromatography

paper chromatography is used to

separate out all the inks in a dye

to prep draw what on the chromatogram

a baseline in pencil put the ink here

make sure the solvent is just under the

baseline

use to lid to stop

the solvent evaporating

the solvent will dissolve the ink and

travel up to page

mobile phase

molecules can move often a gas or liquid

stationary phase

molecules can`t move often solid or thick liquid

the chemicals move up page at different rates as

there is a constant move between being in stationary and mobile phases

the substances in mobile phase more are there longer as

they are more soluble to the solvent

the substance in stationary phase more is there as

they are more attracted to paper

the longer a chemical is in mobile phase

the futher it moves up the phase

to detect a specific substance run a reference why?

doing a reference of a pure substance you want to find can allow you to match the dots of the chemical broken down and then calculate similar retention factors

retention factor

distance travelled by solute/ solvent