World History Unit 8: Imperalism

What are the main motivations to imperialism?

EMPIRE

Exploratory, M, Political, Ideologies, Religion, Economic

Define Imperialism.

Empire building. Extending power through diplomacy or military force. Attempt to control politics, economy, and culture.

How did the poem “The White Man’s Burden,” along with Social Darwinism, influence European imperialism?

They thought it was their duty to imperialize other nations by bringing in their western culture to these smaller nations to try and influence them to the Europeans own culture.

What acronym is used for the motives of imperialism and what does each letter (minus the “M”) stand for?

EMPIRE

Exploratory is finding new territory to expand to.

M

Politics is claiming land for their homeland country and controlling another nation's government.

Ideology is trying to convert others into European centric thinking.

Religion is converting other nations to Christinaity and trying to change others beliefs into their own.

Economics is obtaining new materials to produce goods, sell, and make money.

Why was Africa a “prime candidate for conquest” by the Europeans? (i.e. What was the driving force behind European Imperialism in Africa?) *Short Answer Topic

To spread the Euporeans culture, religion, and exploring new unfamiliar land in hopes to prosper in resources and economically.

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference and who attended?

The purpose was to avoid war and tell which nations could claim which part of Africa could be controlled. It was led by King Leopond II.

What drew the British to Egypt?

Their ability to import and export through the Suez Canal.

Which modern nations were included in the British Raj (rule) of the 19th & 20th Centuries?

Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Britain

What empire did the British topple in order to take control of India?

Mughal Empire - dominant empire in South Asia, were Muslims from Central Asia

What were some of the reasons why the British wanted to take control of India?

For its exotic goods (tea, spice, cotton, textiles), “Civilizing” mission (changing their “barbaric” ways), port cities for trade, east Indies (luxurious goods), European rivalry

What is the difference between direct control & indirect control?

Direct control is sending a person from the main nation to rule over the newly controlled land.

Indirect control is controlling the nation through a leader from inside the newly controlled country

Why was India considered to be the “Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire?

Lots of resources and materials that could be sold to benefit economics. Cotton and silk textiles, raw cotton for British textile mills, rubber, tea, and its cheap labor

Describe some of the ways that Britain & India were changed by one another due to imperialism?

Britain was able to expand economically as they used India's resources. Cultural exchange between them: Britain gained Indian goods and spices. India gained British education and language. Religion and imperialism also impacted both.

What were “spheres of influence” in China? What led to the Taiping Rebellion?

Britain, France, Russia, Germany and Japan. Hong Xiuquan, a Chinese peasant, claiming he was the son of Jesus, started a war to create a “Utopia”. Qing, British and French forces eventually put down the rebellion

Define colony

a country or a power ruled internally by foreign power

Define Protectorate

a country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power

Define Sphere of Influence

area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privledges

Define economic imperialism

an independent but less-developed country controlled by private business interests rather than other governments

Which Southeast Asia country successfully avoided imperialism? How did they do that?

Japan avoided imperialism by industrializing themselves so that they wouldn't get imperialized. They decided to innovate, expand, and gain power to keep up with the other larger countries as a way to prevent the nations from taking them over.

What led to the Japanese ending their isolationist foreign policy?

Inability to expand their economy within and needed to trade internationally to allow for economic development. Western ideas began influencing them to adopt international trading ideas.

How were Japanese industrialization and imperialism linked?

Both happened together. Indualization occurred as a way to prevent imperialism and then Japan became an imperialist power.

Describe the situation that led to the Opium War between China & Britain.

The Qing Dynasty had been flooded with Opium from the Erupoeans. CHinese try to fight against the British but are unsuccessful as Birtan keeps flowing Opium into China. China is forced to sign a treaty that gives Hong Kong to Britain And the British boats destroy Chinese vessels.

Summarize the significance of imperialism in China.

Loss of its power, resources, and influence.

How did the British Empire practice economic imperialism over Persia?

Persia granted Birtan drilling rights in order to improve Persia's economy and government.

Describe the Dreyfus Affair & what it exposed.

A controversial court case that revealed anti-semitism in France. Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish French military general was falsely accused of betraying French military secrets to Germany. He was convicted but it was later found out that he was incited and other officers knew he didn't do it, buta allowed the court ruling to proceed because they were against Jewsih people.

What is Zionism?

the Jewish nationalism movement to recreate the Jewish state in its original homeland

What territories did the U.S. get after the Spanish American War in the Treaty of Paris?

Treaty of Paris forced Spain to give up Cuba and give Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico to the US. The US also annexed Hawaii.

List some of the motives of U.S. imperialism.

Land, resources, new markets and trading, better military, and bigger global incline and power.

Do you think the benefits that come with annexing Hawaii were reason enough to do it? Explain.

When thinking in an imperialistic type mind, I think it was reasonable to annex Hawaii. It had many benefits to taking it over, including its resources, its access to Japan, and military significance. It had the successful Doel Fruit Company that was very prosperous and would be beneficial to the US’ economy. Also, it was close to Japan which made it an easy jumping point to allow the US to expand more towards Asia from another route. Lastly, it was a good place to refuel and resupply the US military on its long trips overseas.

Overall, what is YOUR reaction to/opinion of imperialism?

I think imperialism was needed in some ways as it led to the world we live in today. Although many imperialism tactics were inhuman, deadly, and unethical it was a necessary way for the nations and world to grow as a whole. Although I don't support the forcing of beliefs onto others, there were other benefits to imperialism. Like if Japan had remained an isolationist nation they would have a failed economy and government. Imperialism allowed for expansion and growth of countries as a whole. Secondly without imperialism the spread of religions couldn't be shared. Although Erupeans forced a lot of their beliefs onto the smaller foreign nations that Erupeoans were also able to learn about other beliefs and cultures which led to further expansion and wide spreading of religions.