2.6-Protein Synthesis

What is translation

When mRNA creates a protein

What is transcription

When DNA creates an RNA strand

Where does translation happen

In the ribosomes

Where does transcription happen

In the nucleus

Describe the process of transcription

A section of DNA unzips as the hydrogen bonds are broken. Free RNA nucleotides then line up against the template strand due to complimentary base pairings. RNA polymerase then catalyses the condensation reaction between the adjacent RNA nucleotides to create mRNA. This then leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore and the DNA recoils and reforms the hydrogen bonds

Describe the process of translation

mRNA attaches to the ribosome at the start codon. It’s then read and a tRNA molecule n the cytoplasm bonds to it due to the complimentary base pairings. Each coding is read and a tRNA anticodon bonds to it. When the ribosome reads a stop codon, it stops reading the mRNA and the adjacent amino acids on the tRNA then create polypeptide bonds due to a condensation reaction and form the primary structure