Social Psych Exam 1 Vocab

display rules

culturally determined rules about which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate to display

encoding

the expression of nonverbal behavior

decoding

interpreting the meaning of nonverbal behavior expressed by someone else

counterfactual thinking

thinking about what might have happened if something in the past had been different

availability heuristic

a mental shortcut based on how easily information comes to mind

representativeness heuristic

a mental shortcut where we judge something based on how similar it is to a typical example

affective blend

a facial expression in which different parts of the face express different emotions

self-fulfilling prophecy

when an expectation about another person influences how you treat them, which causes them to behave consistently with the original expectation

primacy

the tendency for first information/traits we learn about someone to influence how we interpret information we learn later

construal

a person’s subjective interpretation of a situation

priming

previous information processing or recent experiences that increase the accessibility of a schema or concept

institutional review board (IRB)

a group that reviews research involving human participants to help ensure that research is conducted ethically

open science

an approach to research intended to improve transparency and reproducibility

theory

an explanation/framework that can be used to generate hypotheses and guide research