LUOA Complete Notes 1 | US History

Which of the following was NOT true about

Europe before 1492?

Scholars understood What and

where the land across the Atlantic was.

Entrepreneurs realized that exploration would help establish new, direct trade networks that would bypass ____________

Merchants & MiddleMen

How did the "New Monarchs" consolidate power?

They recruited armies from a wider geographical area.

They raised taxes to support new national structures and institutions.

They established a system of courts to enforce national

laws.

What text(s) sparked Europeans to explore the Atlantic?

Ptolemy's Geographia

The Portuguese designed a ship called a __________ that allowed explorers to travel the open ocean.

Caravel

Why were Protestants and Catholics interested in exploring new lands?

They wanted to evangelize and gain more converts.

What was Columbus' goal when he set sail across the Atlantic?

He wanted to find a trade route to the east

Which treaty settled the territorial dispute between Spain and Portugal?

The Treaty of Tordesillas

Which of the following best describes the reason why we know so little about most Native American tribes?

We don't have much written evidence of their history and culture.

In what ways have archaeologists been important to the discovery of more knowledge about Native American peoples?

They have found clues that give us a glimpse of early Native

American life.

They have found evidence of large early Native American population centers.

They have discovered evidence of settlements dating back to the time of pharaohs in Egypt.

How does the Bering Strait thesis explain how people came to the Americas?

A land bridge appeared during the Ice Age that allowed people to cross between Siberia and Alaska.

Inuit People

Lived in a harsh, Arctic environment

Kwakiutl People

Lived in a rainy but pleasant environment with dense forests, rivers, and the ocean

Intermountain Tribes

Small, nomadic tribes, due to the harsh mountain climate

Pueblo Tribes

Cliff dwellers who built and lived in adobe homes

Lakota Tribes

Lived in the prairie and were dependent on buffalo for most essentials

Eastern

Woodlands

Tribes

Farmers and hunters who lived in large groups in permanent housing

Geography was one of the most important factors in determining Native American ______________

Lifestyle & Culture

Native Americans should be understood as ______________

active participants in the changing culture of the Americas

How did the English authors who wrote positively about Native Americans view them?

They saw them as an extended and forgotten branch of humanity.

They saw them as people that did not have the advantages of Western culture and thought.

They believed that they could help improve Native Americans'

lives.

They saw Native Americans as people in need of the gospel of Christ.

In the earliest davs of settlement, how did Native Americans and European settlers

create interdependent societies?

Trade of material goods

Alfred Crosby's book, The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492, explained that the most important results of Columbus' discovery of America

were _______________

Biological

Items that came to the Americas from Europe

Horses & Coffee

Items that came to

Europe from the Americas

Turkey & Corn

The goal of the Puritans was to ____________________________.

rid the Church of England from any practice that resembled that of the Roman Catholic Church

Why were the Puritans disappointed in Elizabeth I?

She granted a settlement for religious toleration in England.

How many of the Plymouth colonists died during the first winter?

nearly one-half

John Carver

first governor of the Plymouth colony

John Winthrop

Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony

The Mayflower

Compact

Established a foundation for civil government based on religious principles and a covenant

The

Massachusetts

Body of Liberties

Outlined one hundred provisions such as the right to trial by jury

John Winthrop believed that the ______________________ needed to provide the legal basis for the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Bible

The Pilgrims were a division of Puritans who were?

Separatists

Spain

Controlled South & Central America

France

Controlled modern-day Canada

England

Controlled Modern-day United states

The Virginia Company of London was a way for regular people to invest in colonization by _____________________

to raise capital.

Selling shares

What event eased tensions between the Jamestown settlers and Native Americans and helped lead to the end of the First Anglo-Powhatan War?

The marriage of Pocahontas to John

Rolfe

What were the results of the establishment and enforcement of the Lawes, Divine, Morall, and Martiall in Jamestown?

They reinforced Jamestown's communal structure until 1616.

They established a legal code that outlined rules and punishments for the settlers.

They reinforced Jamestown's communal structure until 1616.

They established a legal code that outlined rules and punishments for the settlers.

They brought Thomas Dale into leadership as administrator, who began expanding the colony with new settlements up the James River.

From the beginning of the Virginia colony, what was the recognized official religion?

Anglicanism (The Church of England)

What was the first representative assembly in the Americas?

The Virginia House of Burgesses

What was the result of Bacon's Rebellion?

The English colonies gained the attention of the English Crown.

The first people of African descent arrived in Virginia when?

1619

Why was Anne Hutchinson banished from

Massachusetts and excommunicated from the church?

She held meetings in her home where she discussed her theological views that were different from the church's stance.

She was teaching men in her home.

She threatened to undermine the political authority of the governor and other religious leaders.

What event changed the balance of power from the Native Americans to the colonists?

The Pequot War

In New England, how were farms inherited?

They were divided equally among siblings

How did the Stuart monarchs gain authority to grant land from Virginia Company holdings?

The Virginia Company lost its charter.

Maryland was founded with the intention of being a haven for those practicing what religion?

Catholicism

What social and governmental system did Lord Baltimore's charter for Marvland resemble?

Feudalism

What did the Act of Toleration do in Maryland?

It gave all Christians in Marvland the right to religious worship.

It declared that anyone who denied the divinitv of all members of the Trinity could be punished

It declared that the veneration of the Virgin Mary and the saints was protected against blasphemy.

It gave all Christians in Maryland the right to religious worship.

It declared that anyone who denied the divinity of all members of the Trinity could be punished.

It declared that the veneration of the Virgin Mary and the saints was protected against blasphemy.

What was the commercial mainstay of Maryland's economy?

Tobacco

The colony of New Hampshire began as a ______________.

commercial venture

What was Thomas Hooker and his followers' primary reason for leaving the Massachusetts Bay

Colony?

Governor Winthrop only wanted members of the church to have voting rights, which kept many citizens from

voting.

Which of the following are true of the Fundamental

Orders of Connecticut?

There was no religious test for citizenship.

It formed a general court with wide powers.

It formed a purely representative government, and there was no mention of the king in the document.

When Jamestown was founded, there was/were _____________

Native American people groups living

3

The most dominant Algonquin tribe was the ___________.

Powhatan

In 1607, Chief Powhatan had political influence over ________________ people.

15,000

Which of the following are reasons that it took so long for there to be a permanent settlement in the Carolinas?

The lost colony of Roanoke led many to fear settling there

The waters of the Outer Banks were very difficult to navigate.

The local native tribes were hostile to any European settlers.

What were the original proprietors of the Carolinas primarily concerned with?

Promoting the settlement of the land

The goal of the system of government under the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina was to have _______________.

an American nobility based on land ownership

Initially, South Carolinians thought to enslave whom as a labor force?

Native Americans

What was a primary factor contributing to the survival of aspects of African culture in South Carolina?

Many slaves were isolated from the white population.

Who was the military officer who arrived in 1610 to turn the fortunes of the Jamestown colon?

Thomas West, Baron De La Warr

Why was the use of the joint-stock model important?

It spread the risk of failure across more people

The headright system helped establish ____________________

in Virginia.

Indentured Servitude

Most Native Americans considered land property in a _______________

way.

communal

In what year did the first House of Burgesses meet?

1619

English settlers tried to establish the same __________________ system as they had in England.

patriarchal

How did the General Assembly react to Opechancanough's complaints in 1619?

They restricted trade with the Natives and limited the number of tobacco plants that could be planted.

To whom did the Dutch States General grant a

monopoly for trade in the New World?

The West India Company

Which of the following are true about New Netherland?

It was a cosmopolitan settlement.

The Dutch encouraged anyone to settle, regardless of nationality or religion.

Its population quickly swelled into the thousands.

The Treaty of Breda transferred the colony of New Netherlands to the control of what country?

England

Unaware of the proprietorship of others, to whom did New York's Governor Nicholls grant the territory of New Jersey?

Baptist and Quakers

West Jersey

Freedom of religious practice;

more profitable.

East Tersev

Smaller farms and almost no trade;

less profitable.

Why was the colony of Pennsylvania founded?

As a haven for Quakers

The Quakers belief in an "Inner Light" is an example of the _____________ that was

becoming more common in the 17th century.

Mystical pietism

Because the Quakers would not take ____________ they were often considered

suspect by bodies of authority.

Oaths

Who was the leading force behind the founding of Georgia?

James Oglethorpe

What makes the founding of Georgia distinctive?

It was the only colony founded for humanitarian reasons.

It was the last of the English colonies to be founded.

It originally prohibited slavery.

Bering Strait Hypothesis

The theory that a land bridge between Asia and North America was the route of migration

Pacific Ocean Hypothesis

The theory that some native peoples may have crossed the Pacific Ocean and reached America

Inuit

welt in a harsh, Arctic environment

Intermountain Tribes

Were small, nomadic tribes due to the harsh mountain climate

Pueblo Tribes

cliff dwellers who built and lived in adobe homes

Lakota Tribes

Lived on the prairie and were dependent on buffalo for most essentials

Kwakiutl

Native American group that lived on the Northwest coast

Which of the following is NOT true of the Great

Awakening?

It was solely a uniting event.

What helped spread the ideas of the Age of Reason in the colonies?

Improved communication over commercial networks

What was the Half- Way Covenant?

A compromise that allowed New

England colonists to have their children baptized

Rational Christianity was a result of ________________

The enlightenment

The revivals of the Great Awakening met resistance in the southern colonies since it brought up issues

regarding _________________

slavery

What was the issue that many had with itinerant ministers?

They won converts but did not stay to shepherd the flock.

Samuel Davies

The most influential preacher in the

Presbyterian phase of the Great Awakening in Virginia

George Whitefield

Was second only to the king in fame and was a member of oxford's "Holy Club"

Jonathan Edwards

Preached that God was a jealous and absolute creator

Solomon Stoddard

Criticized New

England pastors for dull preaching

According to the lesson, once a luxury good became common, what happened?

Once a luxury became a staple, people wanted something different.

What is mercantilism?

An economic policy that claimed that colonies only existed for the benefit of the mother country

When William of Orange and Mary II came to the throne, they established the basis for a constitutional monarchy with a written _______________

Bill of rights