gov docs

Declaration of Independence

the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain

Articles of Confederation

1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)

US Constitution

"The supreme law of the land." Written in 1787 at Philadelphia Convention to replace Articles of Confederation and create stronger central government. Outlines structure & power of 3 branches of national government. Oldest written constitution still in use (but amended 27 times plus myriad informal amendments).

Federalist #10

An essay composed by James Madison which argues that liberty is safest in a large republic because many interests (factions) exist. Such diversity makes tyranny by the majority more difficult since ruling coalitions will always be unstable.

Brutus #1

To argue against a strong central government. The country would be too large for one central government and the government would have too much power.

Federalist #51

addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government.

Federalist #70

states that it is easier and more effective to have a singular executive rather than a plural one

Federalist #78

discusses the power of judicial review. It argues that the federal courts have the duty to determine whether acts of Congress are constitutional and to follow the Constitution when there is inconsistency. Hamilton viewed this as a protection against abuse of power by Congress.

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

MLK demands fulfillment of Declaration of Independence and 14th Amendment's equal protection clause for minorities