Communication Student Slides Module 1

Vocabulary flashcards covering basic principles of communication, models of communication, therapeutic nurse-patient relationships, communication zones, assertive vs. aggressive behaviors, hand-off protocols, and safety tools based on lecture notes.

Communication

The process of exchanging information and generating and transmitting meanings between two or more people.

Berlo's Communication Process

A process initiated by a stimulus involving an encoder (source), a message, a channel, a decoder (receiver), and confirmation via feedback.

Encoder (Sender)

The source or person who begins the communication process based on a stimulus.

Message

The actual communication product generated from the source.

Channel of Communication

The medium used to send a message, categorized as auditory, visual, or kinesthetic.

Decoder (Receiver)

The person who receives, translates, and interprets the transmitted message.

Feedback

The receiver's confirmation that provides evidence of understanding the transmitted message.

Verbal Communication

An exchange of information using written and spoken words, which depends on a shared understanding of language.

Nonverbal Communication

Body language and cues transmitted without spoken words, including facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, physical appearance, posture, touch, space, and vocal sounds.

Intrapersonal Communication

Self-talk or internal communication occurring within an individual.

Interpersonal Communication

Interaction that occurs between two or more people with the goal of exchanging messages.

Intimate Zone

The physical zone surrounding a person measuring $0\text{ to }18\text{ inches}$, typically used during close physical interaction and nursing care.

Personal Zone

The spatial distance extending from $18\text{ inches to }4\text{ feet}$ around an individual.

Social Zone

The physical space distance extending from $4\text{ to }12\text{ feet}$ during interpersonal interactions.

Public Zone

The spatial area extending from $12\text{ to }25\text{ feet}$ during public speaking or broad interactions.

Therapeutic Nurse–Patient Relationship

A person-centered, purposeful, time-limited, dynamic relationship built on the patient's needs, where the nurse acts as the carer and is professionally accountable for outcomes.

Orientation Phase

The initial phase of the therapeutic relationship where the nurse and patient identify each other by name, clarify roles, establish agreement on guidelines, and orient the patient to the health care system.

Working Phase

The active phase of the therapeutic relationship where the nurse and patient collaborate to achieve agreed-upon goals through care, teaching, and counseling.

Termination Phase

The final phase of the therapeutic relationship where attainment of goals is examined, feelings about ending the relationship are expressed, and necessary transitions in care are arranged.

Assertive Behavior

A professional approach characterized by open body posture, direct eye contact, confident 'I' statements, and effective sharing of thoughts and feelings while remaining responsible and calm.

Aggressive Behavior

Communication marked by tension, anger, condescension, or threats, where rights are asserted in a negative way that violates the rights of others with a focus on 'winning at all costs'.

Workplace Violence

Violent acts, including physical assaults and threats of assault, directed toward individuals at work on duty.

AIDET Framework

A structured communication model used by healthcare professionals standing for Acknowledge, Introduction, Duration, Explanation, and Thank you to reduce anxiety and improve patient outcomes.

Hand-Off Communication

The process of accurate presentation and acceptance of patient-related information between healthcare providers to reduce errors and prevent breakdown in communication.

SBAR Technique

A standardized hand-off communication tool organized by Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation.

I-SBAR-R

An extended hand-off communication tool adding Identification of oneself at the start and Readback at the end to ensure closed-loop communication.

CUS Safety Tool

A safety assertion acronym standing for 'I'm Concerned, I'm Uncomfortable, This is unSafe / This is a Safety issue' used to address patient safety concerns.