viruses

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20 Terms

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non-cellular

no nucleus or other cell organelles but do have nucleic acid

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living

contain genetic material

can be replicated

have protein coat

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non-living

obligate parasite

non-cellular

contains DNA or RNA (not both)

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structure of viruses

protein coat and DNA or RNA

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shapes of viruses

Rod, round, complex

<p>Rod, round, complex</p>
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obligate parasite

Can only live and reproduce on or inside a living host cell while causing harm to the host cell

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Viral Reproduction

  1. virus attaches itself to the surface of the host cell

  2. virus pierces a hole in the membrane of the host cell

  3. DNA or RNA enters host cell

  4. Protein coat remains outside

  5. DNA/RNA replicates inside the host cell using host cell machinery. Synthesis of a new protein coat also occurs

  6. Host cell bursts and releases the replicated virus and the process repeats

<ol><li><p>virus attaches itself to the surface of the host cell</p></li><li><p>virus pierces a hole in the membrane of the host cell</p></li><li><p>DNA or RNA enters host cell</p></li><li><p>Protein coat remains outside</p></li><li><p>DNA/RNA replicates inside the host cell using host cell machinery. Synthesis of a new protein coat also occurs</p></li><li><p>Host cell bursts and releases the replicated virus and the process repeats</p></li></ol>
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economic importance of viruses

advantage: production of vaccines

disadvantage: causes harmful diseases

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HIV

AIDS

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influenza virus

flu/cold

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poliovirus

polio

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HPV

cervical cancer

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Virus X

plant virus

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antibiotics

artificial antibodies that are made up by micro-organisms used to kill other micro-organisms

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antibiotic resistance

bacteria do not die in the presence of an antibiotic

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antibiotic misuse

using antibiotics to treat a viral infection/ not finishing course of antibiotics

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antibiotic overuse

taking to many courses of antibiotics

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antibiotic misuse/overuse result

causes the surviving bacteria to to adapt through mutations and will not die when treated with an antibiotic in the future

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vaccines

introducing and inactive form of the virus that will stimulate an immune response

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sensitive bacteria

bacteria that die in the presence of an antibiotic