Periods 1 and 2 Terms

Caravel

A small vessel that could sail in the wind. Crafted for Exploration under King Henry’s rule

Inquisition

The expelling of Jews in Spain 1469

Leaf Erikson

Discovered Vinland in North America

Atlantic World

The lands bordering the Atlantic

Calvinism

Form of Protestantism

Iroquois confederacy

Allied the American Indian nations

Staple crops

Crops that were easy to grow, provided a reliable source of food for colonists

Pueblo Revolt

Began in 1680 led by Popé

Enclosure Movements

Claimed only nobles had rights to land

Indentured servitude

Servants signed to work with no pay

Powhatan Confederacy

Confederation of Algonquian people in Virginia

Cash Crop

Crops grown in large quantities to sell; not for eating

Headright System

Rewarded laborer sellers with land

House of Burgesses

Government body in Virginia established in 1619

Slave Codes

Laws restricting enslaved rights

Bacon’s rebellion

Rebellion launched by Nathaniel Bacon against the American Indians

Indulgences

Absolved the buyer of sin

Martin Luther

Theologist that challenged the Catholic Church

Predestination

John Calvin’s theory that humans are born either saved or damned

Puritans

Radical English Protestants; colonized England in the 17th century

Mayflower Compact

The first constitution in America

Puritan Migration

Mass Puritan migration to New England in the 1620s-30s

Anglicization

Adoption of English customs/traditions

Patriarchal Family

Men the head of family; rest follows

Pequot War

War between New England settlers and the Pequotes

Metacom’s War

English and Wampanoags conflict over weaponry

Dominion of New England

Rule of King James 2; had unpopular policies

Glorious Revolutions

Caused by King James 2’s allianation of his subjects

King William’s War

War because of conflict between French and English interests

Imperialism

Policy of Expanding borders to increase global power