Unit 3 - AP World History

Gutenberg Printing Press

moveable types whose invention followed by an increase in literacy

Istanbul

Capital of the Ottoman Empire; named this after 1453 and the sack of Constantinople.

Suleiman

Ottoman Sultan who was in charge when the Empire reached it's peak

devshirme

selection system used by Ottoman sultans to staff their military and government and ensure control over large areas.

Janissaries

most famous group of Christian boys, formed elite forces in the Ottoman army

Sunni

Largest branch of Islam-- Ottoman ruled using it.

Sultans

Ottoman rulers

Shah Ismail

early Safavid military hero and leader who conquered most of Persia and pushed into Iraq

Shi'a

Used as the ruling religion in the Safavid Epire.

caused conflicts with the Ottoman Empire

Babur

Founder of the Mughal Dynasty

Akbar

Ruled over the golden age of the Mughal Empire. Did so through religious tolerance

Hindu

Most followed religion in India and was granted tolerance in the Mughal Empire under Akbar

Taj-Mahal

one of Mughal India's magnificent architectural accomplishments

built by Shah Jahan as a tomb for his wife

Sikhism

Religion founded in South Asia that includes elements of Hinduism and Islam.

Serfdom

System where people lost their freedom and worked on a the land of a noble in for protection.

Absolute Monarchy

directed by one source of power, one king with complete authority

tax farmers

oversaw collection of various taxes in support of royal government. Used in Ottoman Empire

Palace of Versailles

Build by Louis XIV and demonstrated/Legitimizes his power

Manchu

A group of people who conquered the Ming Dynasty

Kangxi

one of China's longest-reigning emperors, stability and expansion during Qing Dynasty

sent forces into Taiwan, Mongolia and Central Asia

Samurai

warrior class in Japan

Protestant Reformation

Led by Martin luther-- created a new branch of Christinaity in Western Europe

Renaissance

period characterized by revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman literature, art, culture, and civic virtue

included gutenberg printing press and interest in humanism

Civil Service Exam

brought back by Ming

improved education by establishing a national school system

Zheng He

Chinese sailor and explorer who traveled the Indian Ocean for the early Ming Dynasty

Junks

Ships of Zheng He

Divine Right

Belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god.

Chimampas

floating gardens used for farming

Tenochilitan

Aztec capital city

Terrace Farming

a farming system that is in the form of steps going up a mountain

Mita

Tax on labor where you had to work for the government on infrastructure projects

human sacrifice

Killing of humans for a purpose like worshiping a god, practiced widely by the Aztecs and a little by the Maya

Great Wall

Refortified under the Ming Dynasty