History Quiz 1

Paleolithic

old stone age, nomadic societies

(hunters and gatherers)

neolithic

new stone age

civilization

a complex human society

What does civilization entail?

cities, laws, philosophical and theological beliefs; people coming together

The Phoenicians

merchants

The Hebrews

farmers, sheep-herders

The Hebrews were politically insignificant, so why were they so important to Western Civilization?

They were important because of their religious contributions

Abraham

the patriarch of the Hebrews and Islamic/Arabic faith

Jacob

son of Isaac and given his blessing name changed to Israel

Saul

the first king of Israel

David

the second king of Israel

Solomon

the third king of Israel

The Hebrew Bible

the Torah “Old Testament”

exclusive monotheism

only one true God

ethical monotheism

one God is the source of absolute human morality

What is the Hebrew legacy?

1. Monotheism

2. The idea of choseness

3. Belief of having a purpose

Minoan Civilization

located in Crete, flourished from 1700 to 1400 BC

King Minos

half man, half bull; son of Zeus and considered The Great King

Mycenean Civilization

rose after the fall of Minoa

Homer

wrote two epics

Illiad

the journey of the Trojan War

Odyssey

the journey home from the Trojan War

How does the Homeric epics reflect Greek values?

Foundational literature for the Greeks. Not moral instruction; it instructs on what is good and what is valued

Arete

excellence

Kleos

fame

Timé

honor

Polis

independent city-state

oligarchy

the rule of a few

What effect did the Hoplite revolution have on Greeks and Greek civilization?

There were more commoners than aristocracy in the army. The defense of the Polis began to rely on the demos.

Hoplites

soldiers who carry large round shields called Hoplon

tyrants

leaders elected to represent people for their best interest; leadership gained in an unusual fashion