AP Government and Politics 2024 FRQ Review

Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing key concepts from the 2024 AP Government and Politics Free-Response Questions.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

An independent agency within the federal bureaucracy with the mission to protect human health and the environment by enforcing federal environmental protection laws.

EPA's Flexibility

The EPA has the power to interpret existing laws in new ways, either limiting or rolling back restrictions.

Mandatory Spending

Spending that comprised the greatest percentage of the federal budget in 2016.

Discretionary Spending

Spending that Congress can adjust on a yearly basis.

Mandatory Spending

Spending that is required by law, such as Social Security and Medicare.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Prohibits discrimination in places of public accommodation based on economic activity and interstate travel.

Katzenbach v. McClung (1964)

Upheld Congress' power to prohibit discrimination when it poses a significant burden to interstate commerce.

Federalism

Concerns the division of power between the federal and state governments.

Commerce Clause

Constitutional clause common to both United States v. Lopez (1995) and Katzenbach v. McClung (1964).

Federalist No. 51

A foundational document that outlines the principle of separation of powers.

Federalist No. 70

A foundational document that argues for the necessity of a strong, unitary executive.

Article I of the United States Constitution

A foundational document that outlines the powers of the legislative branch.