Zoo Lab 6 Platyhelminthes & small protosomes

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Flatworms; dorso-ventrally flattened bodies with bilateral symmetry and acoelomate(no body cavity)

Characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes

• All spaces between body wall and organs filled with parenchyma

• most have a simple brain(paired ganglia) with nerve cords, protonephridia, & acoelomate larva

• 2/3 are parasitic

Protonephridia

made of specialized flame cells and tubules, are used to eliminate nitrogenous waste

How are acoelomate larva similar from planula larva? How are they different?

They’re both surrounded by cilia. Acoelomate larva have apical tuft of sensory cilia and have a mouth/anus with ciliated gut

Class Turbellaria

Planarians; Free living flatworms, found in benthic environments

Characteristics: ciliated epidermis, epidermal glands, statocysts, and ocelli(eye spots, stigmas)

External anatomy of Planarians

a dorsal pair of ocelli, ear-like processes(auricles), tactile receptors, chemoreceptors, pigmented epidermis, a muscular pharynx along ventral midline, and a branched gastrovascular cavity

Internal anatomy of Planarians

ciliated epidermis, parenchyma, transverse/dorsoventral, longitudinal, and cellular muscles, and ventral nerve cords

What class do Dugesia and Bipalium belong to?

They belong to Class Tubellaria

Class Trematoda

Flukes; parasitic, immediate hosts being an invertebrate and definite host being a vertebrate

Characteristics of Class Trematoda

non-ciliated tegument, an oral sucker at anterior of body, and ventral sucker; no statocysts and ocelli; epidermal gland cells are only present in juveniles and produce a harden cyst instead of an adhesive mucus secretion

Anatomy of Flukes

oral sucker, ventral sucker, digestive system, pharynx and reproductive system

Class Cestoda

Tapeworms; endoparasites, immediate host may be an invertebrate or vertebrate and their definitive host is a vertebrate

Anatomy of Tapeworms

scolex, proglottids, reproductive system, and genital pore

Without a digestive system, how do tapeworms process their food?

They absorb the digested food of their hosts’ alimentary canal

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class/Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Phylum it belongs to

Identify the item and the Class it’s infection belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Identify the organism and the Class it belongs to

Phylum Rotifera

microscopic pseudocoelomate animals with two distinguishing features: a ciliated apical region called the corona, used for locomotion and food gathering and a mastax which is a highly muscular pharynx

Phylum Bryozoa

a small group of sessile, predominately colonial animals, resembling hydroids and microalgae

Characteristics of Phylum Bryozoa

a lophophore, a crown of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth, and an exoskeleton of calcium carbonate, chitin, or a gelatinous protein

What phylum do Pectinella and Bugula belong to?

They belong to Phylum Bryozoa

Phylum Brachiopoda

resemble bivalve molluscs; posses a lopophore and the valve orientation of the shell assumes a dorsoventral orientation

Characteristics of Phylum Brachiopoda

a two-vavled shell, a pedicel, and a u-shaped lophophore

What phylum do Ligula and Terebratalia belong to

They belong to Phylum Brachiopoda