Upper + Lower Practice Practical

Green: Name the structure

Yellow: Name the bone

Pink: Which muscles finds its insertion here?

Lateral malleolus

Cuboid

Tibularis brevis

What is this bone?

Yellow: Name this structure

Green: List one muscle that has a distal point of attachment here

Scapula

Glenoid fossa (or cavity)

Pectoralis minor

Blue heart: Name the structure the heart is on

Name 1 muscle that originates here and its function

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus and initiating shoulder abduction

Pink heart: Name the structure the heart is on

Name 1 muscle that originates here

Name 1 muscle that inserts here

What shoulder actions occur based on the muscle that inserts here?

Coracoid process

Coracobrachialis or Biceps Brachii

Pectoralis Minor

Scapular protraction and downward rotation

Green star: Name this structure

Blue star: Name this structure

Name one muscle that originates along the blue star structure

Spine of scapula

Lateral border

Teres minor or teres major

Pink star: Name this structure

Purple heart: Name this structure

Name one muscle that inserts on the pink star structure

Medial border

Inferior angle

Serratus anterior, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

Purple heart: What is this structure?

What muscle originates on this structure?

Supraglenoid tubercle

Long head of biceps brachii

Pink star: Name this structure

Purple heart: Name this structure

Name one muscle that originates and one that inserts on the pink star

Name one muscle that originates on the purple heart

Acromion

Infraglenoid tubercle

Origin: Deltoid and Insertion: Trapezius

Long head triceps brachii

Purple heart: What is this structure?

Blue star: What is this structure?

What joint is formed at the purple heart and what ligaments stabilizes this joint?

What muscle inserts on blue star and what action does this muscle perform?

Glenoid Cavity

Superior angle

Glenohumeral joint and glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle, and inferior)

Levator scapulae (elevation) and serratus anterior (protract and upwardly rotates scapula)

Purple heart: What is this structure?

Blue star: What is this structure?

Name three muscles that insert on the purple heart structure

Greater Tubercle

Olecranon fossa

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres Minor

Blue star: Name this structure

Green circle: Name this structure

What movement occurs at this joint and what bone articulates at green circle?

Head

Capitulum

Articulation: Head of radius Movement: Humeroradial flexion/extension and pronation/supination

Green circle: What is this structure? What muscle inserts here and what action does it perform?

Blue star: What is this structure? Name two muscles that insert here.

Lesser tubercle: Subscapularis and action is internal rotation of shoulder

Intertubercular groove

Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi, and Teres major

Blue star: What is this structure?

Green circle: What is this structure?

What muscle inserts on the green circle and what is its primary action?

Anatomical neck

Deltoid tuberosity

Deltoids- shoulder abduction

Blue star: What is this structure?

Green circle: What is this structure?

Name two muscles that insert on the green circle structure

Lateral supracondylar ridge

Medial epicondyle

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis (pass fail pass fail)

Green circle: What structure is this?

Name two muscles that originate here

Lateral epicondyle

(Common extensor origin):

• Extensor carpi radialis brevis 

• Extensor digitorum 

• Extensor digiti minimi 

• Extensor carpi ulnaris 

• Supinator 

• Anconeous 

What is this bone?

Green star: What is this structure?

Blue circle: What is this structure?

Which bone presses against the blue circle and what ligament attaches here?

Radius

Head

Styloid process

Scaphoid and radial collateral ligament

Green star: What is this structure?

Blue circle: What is this structure?

What muscle inserts on the structure with the green star?

Radial tuberosity

Dorsal tubercle

Biceps brachii

Green star: What is this structure?

Blue circle: What is this structure?

What muscle inserts on the green star structure and what happens if its injured?

Coronoid process

Interosseous membrane

Brachialis and there would be no elbow flexion

Green star: What is this structure?

Blue circle: What is this structure?

What muscle originates from the green star structure?

Shaft of ulna

Styloid process

Flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, supinator, anconeus and flexor carpi ulnaris

Blue circle: What bone is this?

Pink circle: What bone is this?

What anatomical landmark is above the pink circle bone?

What forearm bone articulates with the blue circle?

Lunate

Scaphoid

Anatomical snuff box

The radius

Yellow circle: What bone is this? It is a seismoid bone?

Blue circle: What bone is this?

Pink circle: What bone is this?

Which metacarpal articulates with the pink circle bone?

Pisiform and yes

Hamate

Capitate

3rd metacarpal

Pink circle: What bone is this? What muscle inserts on this?

Blue circle: What bone is this? What muscle inserts on this?

2nd metacarpal: Extensor carpi radialis longus

3rd metacarpal: Extensor carpir radialis brevis

Blue circle: What is this called? What two muscles insert here?

Pink circle: What bone is this? List one muscle that inserts on anterior side.

Distal phalanx of thumb: Flexor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis longus (posterior side)

5th metacarpal: Opponens digiti minimi (extensor carpi ulnaris inserts on posterior side)

What structure is this?

What nerve runs nearby?

Hook of hamate

Ulnar nerve

What is this bone?

Pink star: What is this structure?

What muscle inserts here?

Clavicle

Subclavian groove

Subclavius

Pink star: What is this structure? What does this structure articulate with?

Blue heart: What is this structure? What does this structure articulate with?

Sternal end- Sternum (SC joint)

Acromial end- Acromion (AC joint)

Blue star: What is this structure? Name two muscles that originate here.

Purple heart: What is this structure? What motions occur at this structure?

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) - Sartorius and Tensor Fascia Latae

Acetabelum- Flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation, and circumduction

Blue star: What structure is this? What muscle originates here and what is the function?

Purple heart: What structure is this? What nerve passes through and what does it innervate?

Blue star: PSIS- Multifidus muscle and spinal stabilization

Purple heart: Obturator foramen- Obturator nerve and medial portion of thigh (adductors and sensory for skin on medial thigh)

Purple heart: What is this structure? What structures pass through?

Blue star: What is this structure?

Purple heart: Greater sciatic notch- Sciatic nerve, superior gluteal nerve, inferior gluteal nerve, pudendal nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris, nerve to obturator inernus

Blue star: Lesser sciatic notch

Blue star: What is this structure? What vertebra articulates with this structure and what does it form? What motion occurs here?

Purple heart: What is this structure? What actions of the muscles occur here?

Blue star: Sacral promontory: L5 and forms lumbosacral joint where flexion occurs when bending down

Purple heart: Iliac fossa- Hip flexion, external rotation of hip, assists in trunk flexion

Blue star: What is this structure? What type of joint is this and what is the primary function of this joint?

Purple heart: What is this structure? What muscles originate here and what actions do they perform?

Blue star: Sacroiliac joint- Synovial joint and transfer forces and body weight from spine to lower extremities

Purple heart: Ischial tuberosity- Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head biceps femoris, hamstring portion of adductor magnus and function is hip extension and knee flexion

Blue star: What is this structure? What joint forms here and what is its function?

Purple heart: What is this structure? Why is it important?

Blue star: Articular surface- Sacroiliac (SI) joint and to transfer forces and body weight

Purple heart: Sacral canal - Protects sacral nerve roots that provides motor and sensory information to pelvis and lower extremities

Blue star: What is this structure? What passes through here?

Purple heart: What is this structure? What is made by?

Blue star: Sacral hiatus- Filum terminale and lower nerve roots

Purple heart: Lateral sacral crest- fused transverse processes of the vertebrae

Purple star: What is this structure? Why is this site clinically important?

Blue heart: What is this structure? What muscles inserts here and what are its actions?

Purple star: Neck- common site of fractures

Blue heart: Gluteal tuberosity- Gluteus maximus and hip extension, external rotation, assists with abduction/adduction (ex: climbing stairs or rising from a chair)

Purple star: What is this structure? Name two muscles that insert here.

Blue heart: What is this structure? What two muscles insert here and their actions?

Purple star: Greater trochanter of femur- Glute medius, glute min., piriformis, obturator internus, superior and inferior gemellus

Blue heart: Lesser trochanter of femur- Iliacus and psoas major and hip flexion, external rotation, trunk flexion

Purple star: What is this structure? What muscles originates here?

Blue heart: What is this structure? What muscle originates here and what are its functions?

Purple star: Lateral supracondylar ridge- Plantaris

Blue heart: Medial supracondylar ridge- Vastus medialis and knee extension, stabilization of patella

Purple star: What is this structure? What ligaments attaches here and what action does it resist?

Blue heart: What is this structure? What structure sits between this and the tibia and what ligament attaches here?

Purple star: Lateral condyle- Lateral collateral ligament and resists varus stress

Blue heart: Medial condyle- Medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament (resists valgus stress)

Purple star: What is this structure? What muscles inserts here and what are its function?

Blue heart: What is this structure? What joint is formed here and what is its function?

Purple star: Adductor tubercle- Hamstring portion of adductor magnus and hip adduction, hip extension, and hip flexion

Blue heart: Patellar groove- Patellofemoral joint and articulates with patella to increase moment arm of quadriceps

Blue star: What is this structure? What bone articulates with this structure and what ligament attaches here?

Purple heart: What is this structure? What bone articulates with this structure and what ligaments attaches here?

Blue star: Medial malleolus- Talus and deltoid ligament (resists foot eversion)

Purple heart: Lateral malleolus- Talus and anterior talofubular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament, and posterior talofibular ligament (ATFL most commonly injured)

Blue star: What is this structure? Name two structures that attach here and what they do.

Purple heart: What is this structure? What joint is formed here and what ligament attaches here?

Blue star: Intercondylar eminence- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL- resists anterior translation), Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL- resists posterior translation), Anterior horns of the medial and lateral menisci, Posterior horns of the medial and lateral menisci

Purple heart: Medial condyle- Tibiofemoral joint and medial collateral ligament

Blue star: What is this structure? Name two structures that insert here.

Purple heart: What is this structure?

Blue star: Tubercle of illiotibial tract- Tensor fascia latae (TFL), gluteus maximus, and IT band (iliotibial tract)

Purple heart: Fibular head

Blue star: What is this bone? What landmark is found here and what tendon inserts on that landmark?

Purple heart: What is this bone?

Blue star: Navicular- Navicular tuberosity and tibialis posterior

Purple heart: Cuboid

Blue star: What is this bone?

Purple heart: What is this bone? What tendon inserts on the posterior side of this structure and what is its function?

Blue star: Cuneiforms

Purple heart: Calcaneus- Achilles tendon and plantarflexion

Blue star: What is this bone? What muscles insert here?

Purple heart: What is this bone? Name two muscles that insert here.

Blue star: 1st Metatarsal- Tibialis anterior and fibularis longus (dorsiflexion/ inversion and eversion/plantarflexion)

Purple heart: Proximal phalanx - Dorsal interossei, plantar interossei, and lumbricals

Blue star: What is this bone? What muscle inserts here and what is its function?

Purple heart: What is this bone? What two muscles insert here?

Blue star: 2-5 Middle phalanges- Flexor digitorum brevis and flexion of PIP joints

Purple heart: 1st Distal phalange- Flexor hallucis longus (plantar surface) and extensor hallucis longus (dorsal surface)

Purple heart: What is this bone? Do any muscles originate or insert here? Name two joints that are formed here.

Talus- NO

Talocrural (ankle) joint, subtalar joint, and talonavicular joint

Green circle: What is this structure? What nerve and artery wraps around it?

Purple star: What is this structure? What nerve runs in this structure?

Green circle: Surgical neck of humerus- Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery

Purple star: Radial groove- Radial nerve

Purple heart: What is this structure? What muscle originates here and what is its function?

Blue star: What is this structure? What muscle group originateshere?

Purple heart: AIIS- Rectus femoris and flexes hip and extends the knee

Blue star: Ischial tuberosity- Hamstrings group

Purple star: What is this structure?

Blue heart: What is this structure?

Purple star:

Blue heart: