Electron Configuration and Atomic Structure Overview (CHEM)

What is electron configuration?

the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom

What is the total number of electrons in an atom equal to?

The atomic number of the element.

How do electrons fill the shells around the nucleus?

from the innermost shell outward.

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first shell?

2

What must balance in a compound regarding charges?

The overall charges of the ions must balance to zero.

What is the formula for Copper Chloride?

CuCl₂.

What is the formula for Aluminum Oxide?

Al₂O₃.

What is the atomic number of an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Mass number - atomic number.

What is the mass number of an atom?

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

What happens to an atom when it gains or loses electrons?

It becomes an ion.

What is the charge of a Chlorine ion (Cl) when it gains an electron?

Cl- (negative charge).

What is the charge of an Oxygen ion (O) when it gains two electrons?

O²- (negative charge).

What is the significance of the outer shell in chemical reactions?

Atoms lose, gain, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell for stability.

What is the charge of a Calcium ion (Ca) when it loses two electrons?

Ca²+.