Rome AOS1 Quotes

Rape of Sabine Women

"violent assult" (beard)

Absolute authority of the paterfamilias

"Romulus granted to the Roman father absolute power over his son" (Dionysius)

Roman family reflected wider social hierarchy

The family was "a microcosm of Rome itself" (Gwynn)

Patron-client relationships maintained social harmony

The bond between patron and client was "essential to the harmony of Roman society" (Gwynn)

Religion supported Roman power

"Religion underwrote Roman power" (Beard)

Authority of the augurs

"The highest and most important authority in the state is that of the augurs" (Cicero)

Women had subordinate roles

"Women played largely subordinate roles" (Gwynn)

Women controlled domestic affairs

Women "had full control of domestic affairs" (Matyszak)

Women were excluded from public life

"Women were irrelevant on the public stage" (Lane Fox)

Early Republic faced warfare and internal conflict

"Near-constant warfare and internal strife" (Gwynn)

Patrician-plebeian conflict weakened Rome

"The divisions between the patres and the plebs kept Rome weak" (Potter)

Wealthy domninated pol system

"wealth bought both political responsibility and political power" (beard)

Plebeians had limited political power

"The greatest number did not have the greatest power" (Beard)

Prior to the conflict of orders:

"had no voice in public affairs" (dionysus)

After conflict of orders

"more or less on equal terms" (Beard)

Twelve Tables increased legal accessibility

"Roman law became more accessible and transparent" (Gwynn)

Consuls were political and military leaders

"Consuls were the political and military heads of the state" (Gwynn)

Senate was the foundation of Republican government

"Senate that was the real foundation of Republican government" (Gwynn)

Senate controlled state finances

"The senate handles every income and expenditure" (Polybius)

Roman culture valued military success

"Roman culture placed an extraordinarily...high value on success in fighting" (Beard)

Rome was devoted to warfare

"A society passionately devoted to war on all levels" (Hopkins)

Military success brought the greatest gloria

"Highest form of gloria was achieved through war" (Gwynn)

Roman generals were aggressive

"Roman generals were notoriously aggressive" (Potter)

Aggressive nature of Roman expansion

"If they wanted something, they just went out and grabbed it" (Beard)

Roman society centred on warfare and conquest

"Roman society was geared towards warfare and the economic rewards of conquest" (Gwynn)

war with veii (406-396 BCE) was...

"a very important conquest" (beard)

War with veii (406 BCE to 396 BCE) ended because of the ...

"heroic camillus" (Beard)

How Much did the Conquest of Veii expand roman territory by

60%

Military expansion - drove innovation- maniples

"Roman military expansion drove Roman sophistication" (Beard)

Maniples allowed rome to....

"mobilise the manpower of its allies" (potter)

What were the samnites

Rome's "greatest Italian rivals" (gwynn) (394 to 290 BCE)

Rome expanded through alliances

"Expanding web of alliances" (Gwynn)

Defeated enemies strengthened later Roman armies

"Defeated enemies of the past helped win the wars of the present" (Goldsworthy)

Allied soldiers were essential to Roman armies

"At least half of any Roman army...consisted of allied soldiers" (Goldsworthy)

Manpower as Rome's greatest military advantage

Manpower was the "single most significant factor behind victory" (Beard)

Defeat strengthened Roman resolve

"Defeat only hardened Republican resolve" (Gwynn)

Romans refused to surrender

"Romans refused to even consider surrender" (Roth)

Pyrrhus was a serious military challenge

Pyrrhus was a "serious match" for the Romans (Beard)

Carthage almost defeated Rome

Carthage "brought Rome almost to its knees" (Gwynn)

Fabius' strategy contradicted Roman values

Fabius' "un-Roman strategy was deeply unpopular" (Gwynn)

Scipio was an effective commander

Scipio was "a bold genius" (Lane Fox)

Greek conquest transformed Rome

After taking Greece, it was the "beginning of the Rome we know" (Mary Beard)

Roman society was deeply unequal

The Republic was characterised by "a vast gulf between rich and poor" (Gwynn)

Military service harmed small farmers

"Prolonged military service ruined many small farmers" (Goldsworthy)

Roman wars produced large numbers of slaves

"Masses of slaves did result from Rome's wars" (Rawson)

How many slaves in italy

2 million

Slaves were important to Roman society and economy

Slaves "played a crucial role in Roman society and the economy" (Gwynn)

Possibility of freedom controlled slaves

"The well-publicised possibility of freedom worked as a form of social control" (Dench)

2nd Punic War effect on cathage- how much did they have to pay

10,000 talenys over 50 years

Cathaginian navy reduced to

10 warships

Roman conquest of illyria and macedonia

200-168 BCE

When did they capture greece with the fall of corinth

146 BCE