learn these terms by tuesday

monounsaturated fatty acids example

olives, peanuts, pecans, avocados

polyunsaturated fats examples

safflower, corn, cottonseed, soy oils

soluble fiber found in

oat bran, peas, beans, certain fruits, psyllium

how does soluble fiber lower blood cholesterol levels

bind to cholesterol in intestine and excreted through bowel

insoluble fiber

tones muscles in large intestine

1oz=

2tbsp or 6 tsp

1oz=_ml

30

1tsp=_ml

5

1tbsp=_ml

15

pale yellow lab optimum volume

5mL/NA

pale yellow additive function

stabilize bacterial growth and anticoagulant

light blue additive

sodium citrate

light blue additive function

anticoagulant by removing calcium

light blue lab use

coagulation testing

green additive

heparin

green additive function

anticoagulant

green lab use

chemistry test

light green additive function

plasma separation

light green lab use

plasma determinatoins in chemistry studies

light green optimum volume

2ml/2ml

lavendar additive

EDTA

lavendar additive function

remove calcium to prevent blood clot

optimum volume lavendar

7ml/2ml

gray additive

potassuim oxalate and sodium flouride

gray additive function

remove calcium to prevent blood from clotting

gray flouride function

inhibit glycolysis

gray lab use

chemistry testing, especially glucose and alcohol levels

gary optimum volume

10ml/10ml

lavendar optimum value pediatrics

2-4mL/0.6,0.9,1mL

why use red-topped tube used for winged infusion set

fill tubing dead space with blood

what does light blue topped ciltrate tube require

exact blood to citrate dilution

why should gray top be filled last

additives present can elevate electrolye levels and damage cells if passed to other tubes

why is lavendar top filled towards the end

prevent clotting and preserve blood cells

why are red top used

test serum after specimens have clotted and been centrifuged, allow MA to draw SST with thixotropic gel at time

whwat type of green tops are used for STAT results

marbled green-gray rubber tops and light green plastic hemogard tops as they contain gel

when is HAV first given

1 year of age

muscular dystrophy pediatrics

progressive muscular breakdown

CF cause

accumulation of secretions which blocks papncreatic ducts

what is the first-line therapy for CF

routine chest percussion therpay

other therapies for CF

mechanical percussors and inflatable therapy

ss croup

hoarseness, harsh barking cough, stridor

infants pertussis

can develop life-threatening apnea

when does bronchiolitis occur for children

predisposition bronchiolitis

family history of asthma and cigarette smokek

when does RSV occur in pediatrics

infancy and toddler

what helps prevent development of RSV in premature infants and children

synagis

ss asthma in children

difficulty speaking and tightness in chest

which pediatric patieints will experience a more severe infection to influenza

infants and toddlers

ss conjunctivitis

white or yellow pus in eye, crust in eye which closes eye

what helps decrase spread of conjunctivitis

hand hygeine, antibiotic, disinfection

what causes tonsillitis

streptococcus A

fifth disease early symptoms

mild fever, malaise

hand-foot-and-mouth disease cause

coxsackievirus

when is hand foot and mouth disease common

daycare

how does varicella travel

direct and indirect air droplets

varicella ss

skin lesions and mild fever

meningitis ss progression

DLOC, convulsoin, death

treat meningitis

hospitalization with IV antibiotic thrapy

when should aspirin be avoided

HDL role

carry cholesterol from tissues or blood -> liver for metabolism and excretion

how to reduce total serum cholesterol levels

polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat products

vitamin A source (name 3)

yellow or orange fruits and vegetables, geren leafy vegetables, fortified otameal, liver, and dairy propducts

functions of vitamin A

skin, hair, mucous membranes, bone and tooth growth, aid vision in dim light

manifestations of deficiency vitamin A

night blindness, dry, scaly skin, fatigue

B1 sources

fortified cereals, oatmeal, meat, rice, pasta, whole grains, liver

functions of B1

energy from carbs, growth and muscle tone

B2 sources

whole grains, green leafy vegetables, organ meats, milk, eggs

functions B2

release energy from protein, fat, carbohydrates during metabolism

manifestations of defiency B2

cracks in corners of mouth, rash, anemia

B6 sources (name 4)

fish, poultry, lean meats, bananas, prunes, dried beans, whole grains, avocados

manifestations of deficiency B6 (name 4)

convulsions, dermatitis, muscular weakness, skin cracks, anemia

B12 sources

meats, milk products, seafood

B12 functions

cell development, functioning of nervous system, metabolism protein and fat

manifestations of defiency B12

anemia, nervousness, fatigue, neuritis and brain degeneration

biotin sources

cereal/grain products, yeast, legumes, liver

biotin functions

metabolism of protein, fats, carbohydrates

biotin manifestations of deficiency

nv, depression, hair loss, dry scaly skin

niacin sources

meat, poultry, fish, enriched cereals, peanuts, potatoes, dairy products, eggs

niacin manifestations of defiency

skin disorders, diarrhea, indigestion, general fatigue

folate sources

green, leafy vegetables, organ meats, dried peas, beans, lentils

manifestations of defiency of folate

GI disorders, anemia, cracks on lips

pantothenic acid sources

lean meats, whole grains, legumes, vegetables, fruits

functions pantothenic acid

release energy from fats and carbohydrates

manifestations of defiency pantothenic acid

fatigue, vomit, stomach stress, infections, muscle cramps

vitamin C sources

citrus fruits, berries, vegetables, especially pepers

functions of vitamin C

structure of bones, cartilage, muscle, blood vessels, maintain capillaries and gums and aids in absorption of iron

manifestation of defiency vitamin C

swollen of bleeding gums, slow wound healing, fatigue/depression, poor digestion

vitamin D sources

milk, sunlight, fish, eggs, butter, fortified margarine

vitamin D functions

aids bone and tooth formation, maintain heart action and nervous system

vitamin D manifestations of defiency

rickets and other bone deformities in children, calcium loss from bones in adults

vitamin E sources

fortified and multigrain cereals, nuts, wheat germ, vegetable oils, green and leafy vegetables

vitamin E functions

protects blood cells, body tissue, fatty acids

vitamin E manifestations of defiency (name 3)

muscular wasting, nerve damage, anemia, reproductive failure

vitamin K sources

green leafy vegetables, fruit, dairy, and grain products

vitamin K manfiestations of defiency

bleeding disorders in newborns and blood-thinnign medications

calcium sources

Milk and milk products; dark green, leafy vegetables; tofu and other soy products; sardines; salmon with bones; and hard water

clinical manifestations due to defieciency in calcium

Poor bone growth and tooth development, leading to stunted growth and increased risk of dental caries, rickets (bowing of the legs) in children, osteomalacia (soft bones) and osteoporosis (brittle bones) in adults, poor blood clotting, and possible hypertension

chloride sources

table salt, fish, vegetables

chloride clinical manifestations due to deficiency

disturbances in acid-base balance with possible growth retardation, psychomotor defects and memory loss

magnesium source

Raw, dark green vegetables; nuts and soybeans; whole grains and wheat bran; bananas and apricots; seafood; coffee, tea, and cocoa; and hard water