Substances, Compounds Mixtures

Property

Characteristics/Traits/Quality

Matter

Anything that takes up space

The Amount

Physical & Chemical

Matter has two types.

Intensive

Does not depend on the amount

Extensive

Dependent on the amount

Chemical Formula

Shorthand expression on the number of atoms in a substance.

Pure Substance

Same composition & properties.

• 1 particle

• Exists in the 3 states of matter

• Elements or CHEMICALLY BONDED COMPOUNDS

Mixtures

Two or more substances where there is NO chemical combination

• combine physically

• NO PROPORTIONS

• they just MIX

Homogeneous

• SAME UNIFORM APPEARANCE AND COMPOSITION

• EVENLY DISTRIBUTED

• Individual substances CANT BESEEN

Water

Universal SOLVENT

Solutions

primarily composes of a solute and solvent

Solute

Dissolves

Solvent

Does the dissolving

Heterogeneous

Visibly different substances

Two or more parts CAN be seen bc its NOT EVENLY MIXED

Suspension

LARGE PARTICLES THAT SETTLE AT THE BOTTOM

Sieving

Seperate larger particles from smaller particles in SOLIDS

ex. gravel and rocks

Filtration

Separate insoluble solid particles form a liquid

• Filters impurities from water or to separate coffee.

Evaporation

Separates LIQUID from a solid using HEAT

• SOLUTE BECOMES THE RESIDUE

Magnetization

Remove magnetic materials from a mixture

Separating Funnel

Separate immiscible liquids (LIQUIDS THAT DONT MIX)

how it works?

DIFFERENT DENSITY

ex. OIL AND WATER

Decantation

Separate the liquid layer and a heavy insoluble solid

• Metal settles at bottom, the liquid is slowly poured out

• example: rice

Distillation

Evaporation and Condensation.

• two or more liquids w two or more different boiling points

Centrifuge

Solid particles that are too fine to be seperated.

• Spins at high speed

• allows solid particles in suspension to settle quickly.

• solid settle at bottom, less dense solids settle at the top.

Chromatography

Separate colored substances.

Compound

Made of multiple substances