Biology; chapter 4 excretions

excretion

all the biological process involved in sepration or removal of waste products from our body.

metabolic activities

that produce waste, such as carbon dioxide and urea, which must be removed from the body at the same time many useful products are releasedd

what waste products are released during metabolic activities?

toxics, urea, bile pigments, nitrogenous compounds, carbon dioxide, uric acid, water content increases, ionic balance maybe disturbed and ammonia is produced at the same time.

most toxic substance ?

ammonia is the most poisonous waste product.

In humans, where does excretion occur?

In human, excretion occurs through the urinary/ excretory system.

what are the primary organs of the excretory system?

the primary organs of the excretory system are a pair kidneys, pair of ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

where are our kidneys located?

they are present in the abdominal cavity attached to the dorsal body wall one on either side of the backbone.

what does the kidney look like?

kidneys are bean shaped, reddish brown in colour.

why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left kidney?

since the right kidney is occupied by the liver it is slightly lower than the left kidney.

what is the aprox size of the kidney?

the size of the kidney is 10cm in length, 5-6cm in breadth and 4 cm in thickness.

What is the shape of each kidney on its outer and inner sides?

each kidney is convex on the outer side and concave on the inner side.

What is the hilum of the kidney and what structures enter and exit through it?

The hilum is the inner part of the kidney through which the renal artery enters and the renal vein and ureter exit.

renal artery

bring oxygenated blood loaded with waste products from different parts of the body.

renal vien

removes the deoxygenated blood from the kidney.

what is the work of kidney?

the waste products generated in various organs of our are filtered and removed by the kidney.

what are the two distinct regions of the kidney?

dark brown coloured outer zone is the cortex and the pale coloured inner zone is the medulla.

how many nephrons does each kidney contain?

each kidney has approximately more than one million microscopic renal tubules called nephron or viniferous tubules.