waggers diagram

What happens to the rate of firing in the afferent nerves from the carotid-sinus and aortic-arch baroreceptors when blood pressure falls below normal?

Decreases.

How does the medullary cardiovascular center respond in terms of the rate of firing in the sympathetic cardiac nerve when afferent nerve firing rate decreases?

Increases.

What is the effect on the rate of firing in the parasympathetic nerve supply to the heart as a result of the decrease in afferent nerve firing rate?

Decreases.

What happens to the rate of firing in the sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve following a decrease in afferent nerve firing rate?

It is increased.

What happens to the rate of firing of the SA node as a result of the changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic firing rates?

Increases.

What is the effect of the increased SA node firing rate on heart rate?

Increases.

What occurs at the arteriolar level as a result of the increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity?

Arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.

How does arteriolar vasoconstriction affect total peripheral resistance?

Increases.

In addition to the arteriolar effects, what other type of vasoconstriction occurs due to increased sympathetic activity?

Venous vasoconstriction occurs.

How does venous vasoconstriction affect venous return?

Increases.

As a result of the increase in venous return, how is end-diastolic volume affected?

Increases.

Considering increases in sympathetic activity and end-diastolic volume, what happens to stroke volume?

Increases.

How do increases in heart rate and stroke volume affect cardiac output?

Increases.

How do changes in total peripheral resistance and cardiac output affect blood pressure?

Increases to normal.