PSYC 2301 Unit 2 Exam Study Guide

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from PSYC 2301 Unit 2, focusing on mood disorders, somatic symptoms, personality disorders, and substance-related disorders.

Major Depressive Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by extraordinary sadness and dejection lasting at least 2 weeks.

Relapse

The return of symptoms within a short period after recovery.

Recurrence

The onset of a new depressive episode after recovery from a previous one.

Prefrontal Cortex

Brain region involved in decision making and emotion regulation, associated with reduced gray matter in depressive patients.

Amygdala

Brain region that processes emotions such as fear and sadness, noted for hyperactivity in depressive patients.

Hippocampus

Brain region associated with memory function and emotional processing, often shows reduced volume in depressive patients.

Basal Ganglia

Brain region involved in reward processing and motivation, associated with reduced volume and symptoms of anhedonia.

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A chronic form of depression lasting 2 years or more.

Grief

The psychological process experienced after the death of a loved one, characterized by numbness and disbelief.

Bipolar Disorder

A mood disorder involving alternating episodes of depression and mania.

Hypomania

A milder form of mania associated with Bipolar II disorder.

Beck's Negative Cognitive Triad

Components of negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future, leading to feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

A treatment for depression that helps individuals evaluate dysfunctional beliefs and negative automatic thoughts.

Behavioral Activation Treatment

A therapeutic approach aimed at changing the behavior of depressed patients.

Somatic Symptom Disorder

A disorder characterized by physical symptoms that cause significant psychological distress.

Conversion Disorder

Neurological symptoms without an identifiable neurological diagnosis.

Factitious Disorder

The intentional production of physical or psychological symptoms to deceive others.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A disorder marked by disruptions in identity, memory, or perception due to severe trauma.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Characterized by mistrust and suspicion of others, leading to interpersonal difficulties.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

A personality disorder marked by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A disorder characterized by disregard for the rights of others and antisocial behaviors.

OCEAN Model of Personality

A model highlighting five personality traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.

Substance Abuse

Excessive use of a substance resulting in hazardous behavior or continued use despite negative consequences.

Withdrawal

Physical symptoms that occur when abstaining from a drug.

Dopamine Theory of Addiction

Suggests that genetic deviations lead to diminished satisfaction from natural rewards, contributing to addiction.