Ch. 14 APUSH Flashcards | Civil War | 1861-1877

pg. 509-517

Marcus M. Spiegal

Democrat: Eventually saw the horrors of slavery and didn’t want to ever vote for slavery again. Reached the ranks of colenel of the 120th Ohio infantry. German Jew who migrated to Ohio after fighting a failed 1848 German uprising. Was killed in a battle in Louisiana.

Monitor v. Merrimac (1862)

A famous sea battle fought during the Civil War between two ships, which showed the significant difference between ironclad and wooden boats.

Disease during the Civil War

Measles, malaria, dysentery, and typhus

Josiah Gorgas

Confederacy’s Ordanance Bureau. Proved to be resourceful with supplying the Confederate Army by importing guns and ammunition from abroad. 

Robert E. Lee

General, leading southern commander. Confident in his ability to fight the Union, and hopes that eventually after a series of won battles the Union will finally recognize Southern independence.

Army of the Potomac

Main Nothern force in the east. The main Union force that was fighting.

first Battle of Bull Run

(“Win” for ConfederateFirst engangement of the Civil War in Northern Virginian soil on July 21st, 1861. The Union troops quickly retreated. Almost 800 men died.

General George B. McClellan

Assumed the main commander of the Army of the Potomac, after recently winning an engangement in Virginia against the Confederate Army. He was a brilliant trainer in making a great fighting force, but he often overestimated the size of the Confederate Army. Additionally, as a Democrat, he hopes that the War will end without the weakening of slavery, and possibility with a compromise without a significant loss of life. A large period of military inactivity followed.

second Battle of Bull Run

(“Win” for Confederate) Happened a year after the first: Spring 1862 Union Army went to Northern Virginia, but the Confederate states one under the rule of Robert E. Lee.

Battle of Antietam

September 17, 1862 One of the bloodiest wars to be fought in the Civil War in western Maryland. 4,000 men died; 18,000 men wounded; 2,000 of which died later due to injury. More Americans died in this battle than in any other event in U.S. history, including Pearl Harbor and the 9/11 attack. Lee was forced to retreat (“Win” for Union)

General Ambrose E. Burnside

Replaced the commander of the Army of the Potomac (General George B. McClellan). Lead the army to Fredericksburg, Virginia, to fight Lee’s army.

Fredericksburg Battle

Decemeber 13th, 1862. Burnside went to fight Lee, and the Union “lost.” The battle was considered a massacre.

Ulysses S. Grant

Unionist: One of the great commanders from the army. He had the logical mind, daring personality, and a grasp of strategy was demonstrated throughout the wars he fought. He conducted the army during the first great victory of the war, and captured New Orleans, and withstood a Confederate surprise attack in Tennessee.