Inhibitors and Uncouplers in the Electron Transport Chain

These flashcards cover key concepts related to inhibitors and uncouplers in the electron transport chain including their roles, effects, and mechanisms.

What is the primary role of the electron transport chain?

ATP production through the oxidation of substrates and passing of electrons.

What happens to the protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane during electron transport?

They are pumped to create an electrochemical gradient.

What are the three primary sites in the electron transport chain affected by inhibitors?

NADH oxidation, oxygen consumption, and ATP production.

What are two types of inhibitors that affect the electron transport chain?

Inhibitors that block electron transfer at various complexes and those that directly impact ATP production.

Name a common inhibitor that affects complex 1.

Rotenone.

What is an example of an inhibitor that affects complex 4?

Cyanide or carbon monoxide.

What is the effect of adding an inhibitor to the electron transport chain?

It decreases NADH oxidation, oxygen consumption, and overall ATP production.

How do uncouplers differ from inhibitors in their mechanism?

Uncouplers allow protons to flow freely across the mitochondrial membrane, decoupling electron transport from ATP production.

What is a common chemical uncoupler mentioned in the lecture?

Thermogenin.

What impact do uncouplers have on oxygen consumption and ATP production?

Uncouplers increase oxygen consumption but decrease ATP production.

What is the result of adding a compound that decreases NADH oxidation and ATP production?

It will also decrease oxygen consumption.