Anatomy and Physiology: Skeletal System, Planes, Cavities, and Directional Terms

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated directly from lecture transcript sources covering skeletal structure, directional terminology, anatomical body planes, and body cavities.

illum

A superior bone component of the pelvic structure as identified in the pelvic diagram.

ishium

An inferior bone component forming part of the pelvic diagram alongside the illum, pubis, scarum, and coccyx.

scarum

The posterior wedge-shaped pelvic bone element labeled in the pelvic diagram.

coccyx

The terminal bone located inferior to the scarum in the pelvic structure.

pubis

An anterior bone component of the pelvic structure.

humorous

A long bone listed in the pelvic background notes (referring to the humerus).

Directional Terms Key (A-H)

The set of anatomical directions defined as: A = Medial, B = lateral, C = superior, D = inferior, E = lateral, F = distal, G = superior, H = inferior.

distal

Directional term labeled as 'F', indicating a position farther from the point of attachment or origin.

sagittal PLANE

An anatomical plane that cuts lengthwise to divide the body into right and left portions.

Cornal PLANE

An anatomical plane that divides the body into front (ANTERIOR) and back (POSTERIOR) sections.

Transversal PLANE

An anatomical plane running horizontally that divides the body into upper (SUPERIOR) and lower (INFERIOR) sections.

ANTERIOR

Anatomical directional term indicating towards the front of the body.

POSTERIOR

Anatomical directional term indicating towards the back of the body.

SUPERIOR

Directional term designating a position higher up or towards the head.

INFERIOR

Directional term designating a position lower down or towards the feet.

LATERAL

Directional term denoting a position farther away from the midline of the body.

Frontal bone

Anterior cranial bone forming the forehead region of the skull.

Mandible

The facial bone of the lower jaw.

Clavicle

The collarbone connecting the sternum to the shoulder/scapula area.

Scapula

The shoulder blade bone listed in the skeletal system.

Sternum

The breastbone located centrally in the chest connecting the ribs.

Humerus

The upper arm bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow.

radius and Ulna

The two long bones composing the forearm.

carpels

The wrist bones of the upper limb skeleton.

Meta tarsel and Tarsels

Bones of the ankle and foot region.

phlanges

The bones forming the fingers and toes (also labeled as Digitals).

Femur

The upper leg thigh bone.

Patell

The kneecap bone located between the femur and tibia.

Tibia and Fibula

The two bones of the lower leg.

Dorsal cavity

The posterior fluid-filled space containing the Cranial cavity and vertabral cavity.

Cranial cavity

The dorsal sub-cavity housing the brain.

vertabral cavity

The dorsal sub-cavity enclosing the spinal cord along the vertebral column.

Ventral cavity

The anterior body cavity consisting of the Thoracitc cavity, Abdominal cavity, and Pelvic cavity.

Thoracitc cavity

The superior section of the Ventral cavity located in the chest area above the diaphragm.

Abdomino-pelvic cavity

The ventral body cavity encompassing both the upper Abdominal cavity and lower Pelvic cavity.