Zasadil APUSH ID Quiz Unit 7 Part 2

Mitchell Palmer

Attorney General who rounded up many "suspects" who were thought to be un-American and socialistic; he helped to increase the Red Scare; he was nicknamed the "Fighting Quaker" until a bomb destroyed his home; he then had a nervous breakdown and became known as the "Quaking Fighter."

John T. Scopes

An educator in Tennessee who was arrested for teaching evolution. This trial represented the Fundamentalist vs the Modernist. The trial placed a negative image on fundamentalists, and it showed a changing America.

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

2 Italian immigrants were charged with murdering a guard and robbing a shoe factory in Braintree; Mass. The trial lasted from 1920-1927. Convicted on circumstantial evidence; many believed they had been framed for the crime because of their anarchist and pro-union activities.

Emergency Quota Act 1921

This law restricted immigration to 3% of each nationality that was in the United States in 1910.

Immigration Quota Act 1924

This was passed in 1924 and the previous 1921 act, cutting quotas for foreigners from 3% to 2%. Different countries were only allowed to send an allotted number of its citizens to America every year.

Volstead Act

The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors

Margaret Sanger

American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.

Harlem Renaissance

A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished

Herbert Hoover

Republican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community, was very unpopular after he did nothing to help and even passed legislation that made things worse

Washington Conference

Conference of the major powers to reduce naval armaments among Great Britain, Japan, France, Italy, and the United States

Kellogg-Briand Pact

1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Agency established in 1932 to provide emergency relief to large businesses, insurance companies, and banks.

Dust Bowl

Region of the Great Plains that experienced a drought in 1930 lasting for a decade, leaving many farmers without work or substantial wages.

Bonus Army

Group of WWI vets. that marched to D.C. in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of their goverment war bonuses in cash

Huey Long

As senator in 1932 of Washington preached his "Share Our Wealth" programs. It was a 100% tax on all annual incomes over $1 million and appropriation of all fortunes in excess of $5 million. With this money Long proposed to give every American family a comfortable income, etc

Keynesian Economics

Theory based on the principles of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms (pump priming).

Relief vs. Recovery vs. Reform

provide immediate aid and welfare to citizens vs creating polices to fix economy vs setting laws in place to prevent problems of the great depression

Emergency Banking Relief Act

legislation that closed the banks, put them under gov review, and would only reopen in deemed financially stable again

Glass-Steagall Act

established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, insured deposits up to $5000, restricted how much money banks can loan for stock

American Liberty League

A conservative anti-New Deal organization, It criticized the "dictatorial" policies of Roosevelt and what it perceived to be his attacks on the free economic system

TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

experimental New Deal program which gave electricity and jobs to rural Appalachia

WPA (Works Progress Administration)

new deal agency that gave money to state and local governments to build roads, bridges, buildings, etc which also created tons of jobs

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corp)

new dela program that employed young men to work on federal land and also paid their families small amounts as compensation

Social Security Act

federal insurance policy based on collection of taxes from employees, would be used to pay the retired and give benefits to workers who lost jobs, were disabled or dependent mothers

Wagner Act

guaranteed workers rights to join unions and outlawed business practices against them

Court-packing scheme

would have allowed the President the power to appoint an extra Supreme Court Justice for every sitting Justice over the age of 70½, FDR's plan to "pack" the Supreme Court with supporters to keep his New Deal programs from being declared unconstitutional

Neutrality Acts of 1935-1937

prohibited sale of arms to belligerents in a war; banned loans to belligerents; citizens cannot travel to countries at war or travel on armed ships; passed to prevent American involvement in future overseas wars

Cash and Carry Selective Service Act

purpose of this policy was to allow the Allied nations at war with Germany to purchase war materials while maintaining a semblance of neutrality for the United States.

Appeasement

A policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war. Associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to Adolf Hitler.

Good Neighbor Policy

FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region

Atlantic Charter

1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the war

Lend Lease

allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S."

D-Day

Allied troops landed along a stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France. General Dwight D. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade in which "we will accept nothing less than full victory." More than 5,000 Ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, and by day's end on June 6, the Allies gained a foot- hold in Normandy.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

leader of the Allied forces in Europe then was elected to be Pres. of the USA

Douglas MacArthur

American general, who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during World War II, he accepted Japan's surrender in 1945 and administered the ensuing Allied occupation. He was in charge of UN forces in Korea 1950-51, before being forced to relinquish command by President Truman.

Island Hopping

the American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought the American navy closer to an invasion of Japan, A military strategy used during World War II

Battle of Midway

a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, turning point in the war for the US

Great Migration

movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920 in search of freedom and opportunity

Zoot Suit Riots

a series of violent clashes during which mobs of U.S. servicemen, off-duty police officers and civilians brawled with young Latinos and other minorities in Los Angeles.

Double "V"

the Pittsburgh Courier coined the phrase. Victory over Germany and Japan, it insisted, must be accompanied by victory over segregation at home.

A. Philip Randolph

America's leading black labor leader who called for a march on Washington D.C. to protest factories' refusals to hire African Americans, which eventually led to President Roosevelt issuing an order to end all discrimination in the defense industries.

Korematsu vs US

Supreme Court ruled that internment of Japanese Americans was justified as the country's need for protection against espionage outweighed individual rights