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What was the Market Revolution
Transition from agrarian economy to industrialization, wage labor, and mass production.
Shifted economy to integration in regional and global markets with industry, agriculture, and trade specialization.
How did the telegraph impact the Market Revolution?
Invented by Samuel Morse, enabled nearly instant communication.
Facilitated coordination of commerce and growth of national markets.
What was the significance of the cotton gin?
Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 to efficiently separate seeds from cotton fibers.
Boosted Southern cotton production and increased demand for slave labor.
How did canals and railroads contribute to internal improvements?
Canals: Connected interior regions with coastal markets, reducing costs and time for moving goods.
Railroads: Reduced travel time, linked regions, and supported westward expansion.
How did the Lowell Factory System represent economic change?
Textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, employed young women to mass-produce cotton fabrics.
Demonstrated shift to factory-based production and rise of wage labor.
What were working conditions like in factories?
Workers faced long hours, low wages, and harsh environments.
Factory girls lived under strict schedules with limited leisure opportunities.
How did tariffs impact international trade?
Tariffs like the Tariff of 1816 protected American industries by raising the cost of foreign goods.
Encouraged domestic production and positioned U.S. industries for global trade.
What were the social impacts of the Market Revolution?
Expanded workforce opportunities for women (e.g., Lowell factory girls).
Increased economic interdependence between North (manufacturing) and South (agriculture).
Deepened divisions over slavery.
What global connections emerged from the Market Revolution?
U.S. agriculture tied to European textile markets (e.g., cotton exports).
Factories produced goods for both domestic and international markets, boosting U.S. global economic standing.
What lasting legacy did the Market Revolution leave on America?
Fostered a dynamic industrial economy with technological and infrastructural advancements.
Connected regions, spurred economic growth, but introduced labor challenges and sectional divides.
