Analyze the development of the market revolution (industrial revolution) and explain its impact on America.

What was the Market Revolution

• Transition from agrarian economy to industrialization, wage labor, and mass production.

• Shifted economy to integration in regional and global markets with industry, agriculture, and trade specialization.

How did the telegraph impact the Market Revolution?

• Invented by Samuel Morse, enabled nearly instant communication.

• Facilitated coordination of commerce and growth of national markets.

What was the significance of the cotton gin?

• Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 to efficiently separate seeds from cotton fibers.

• Boosted Southern cotton production and increased demand for slave labor.

How did canals and railroads contribute to internal improvements?

• Canals: Connected interior regions with coastal markets, reducing costs and time for moving goods.

• Railroads: Reduced travel time, linked regions, and supported westward expansion.

How did the Lowell Factory System represent economic change?

• Textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, employed young women to mass-produce cotton fabrics.

• Demonstrated shift to factory-based production and rise of wage labor.

What were working conditions like in factories?

• Workers faced long hours, low wages, and harsh environments.

• Factory girls lived under strict schedules with limited leisure opportunities.

How did tariffs impact international trade?

• Tariffs like the Tariff of 1816 protected American industries by raising the cost of foreign goods.

• Encouraged domestic production and positioned U.S. industries for global trade.

What were the social impacts of the Market Revolution?

• Expanded workforce opportunities for women (e.g., Lowell factory girls).

• Increased economic interdependence between North (manufacturing) and South (agriculture).

• Deepened divisions over slavery.

What global connections emerged from the Market Revolution?

• U.S. agriculture tied to European textile markets (e.g., cotton exports).

• Factories produced goods for both domestic and international markets, boosting U.S. global economic standing.

What lasting legacy did the Market Revolution leave on America?

• Fostered a dynamic industrial economy with technological and infrastructural advancements.

• Connected regions, spurred economic growth, but introduced labor challenges and sectional divides.