Unit 2 Midterm Vocabulary

A comprehensive list of vocabulary and morphological roots covering biology and cell unit concepts, formatted for midterm review.

-ic

of/related to

-in

substance, chemical, or protein

-ole/-ola

small

-or

doer of an action

-sis

act/state

A.TROPHy

decrease in size or mass of tissue

ADIPoplus

fat

ALBiplus

white

ana-

up

anaBOLism

consumption of energy to construct cell components

APEX/APICes

pointed tip

AQUa

water

AREola

small open space

AUTo+

self

BLASt+

immature precursor cell

cata-

down

cataBOLism

breaking down organic matter

CELL

basic structural and functional unit

CENTRoMERe

central chromosome region

CENTRoSOMe

organizes microtubules

CHOLESTEROL

solid fatty substance

CHROMATid

identical chromosome copy

CHROMATin

DNA-protein material

CHROMo+/CHROMATo+

DNA/genetic material

CHROMoSOMe

DNA package

CILIum

eyelash-like projection

CYTo+

cell

CYToPLASm

material inside cell excluding nucleus

deGENeration

deterioration

DESmo+

bind

deVELOPment

formation and maturation

difFERentiation

specialization

difFUSion

high to low concentration

DYNAM+

power

endo-

inside

epiTHELium+

lining tissue

EQUi+

equal

exo-

out

FASCia

connective tissue sheet

FIBeR

thick thread

HOMEo+

similar

HOMEoSTAsis

stable internal environment

HYDRo+

water

hyper-

higher/excessive

hyperPLASia

more cells

hyperTROPHy

larger cells

ISo+

equal

KARYo+

nucleus

LYSo+/LYTe+

destroy

MATRIX

supporting substance

MEA

to pass

MEGA

great

MERo+

part

metaBOLism

all chemical processes

MIToCHONDRIon

energy factory

MITosis

cell division

MOT+

move

MULTi+

more than one

NEo+

new

NEURon

nerve

NEX/NECT+

join

NUCLEolus

ribosome-making part

NUCLEus

control center

ORGANelle

working cell part

OSMosis

passive water movement

per-

through

PHAGo+

eat

PHASe

stage

PHIL+

attracted to

PHOBo+

repelled by

PLASia+

formation

PLASma+

living cell material

POT+

power

pre-

before

preCURSor

comes before

pro-

forward/before

proGENitor

produces descendants

PROLiFERation

rapid increase

PROTe

essential molecule

PSEUDo+

false

PTO+

fall

RHEX+

burst

RIBoSOMe

protein-making structure

SEMI+

half

SOLute

dissolved substance

SOMAT+

body

SOMe+

cellular structure

STAs+

stand

STEReo+

solid

syn-

together

synTHEsize

put together

TELo+

end

THE+

put

TISSUE

similar cells working together

TON+

solute concentration

trans-

across

tranSCRIBe

DNA to RNA

transITion

change

transLATe

RNA to protein

TRIT+

rubbed