Study of Philippine History and Society Lecture Review

These flashcards cover the key geographical regions of the Philippines, essential historical concepts and definitions, the perspectives of prominent Filipino historians, and the interpretative framework of human history based on the Book of Daniel.

Heograpiya

The scientific study of the characteristics, climate, landforms, and bodies of water in the Philippines, derived from the Greek words 'Geo' (world) and 'Graphia' (description).

Heograpiyang Tao

A branch of geography that refers specifically to population, culture, and economy.

Central Luzon (Region 3)

Known as the 'Rice Granary of the Philippines' because its fertile soil and geography make it a major agricultural hub.

CALABARZON (Region IV-A)

The second most populated region in the Philippines, consisting of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon.

MIMAROPA (Region IV-B)

The largest region in the Philippines in terms of total land area.

Bicol Region (Region V)

Often called the 'Region of Volcanoes' because it contains a high concentration of volcanoes, including the Mayon Volcano.

Western Visayas (Region 6)

A region known for Boracay Island, the Mango Capital of the Philippines (Guimaras), and the Seafood Capital of the Philippines (Capiz).

Negros Island Region (NIR)

Established in 2015 by President Benigno Aquino III, it is known as the 'Sugar Bowl of the Philippines' and comprises Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor.

Zamboanga Peninsula (Region 9)

Known as 'Asia’s Latin City,' it is famous for its Chavacano language and the pink sand of Great Santa Cruz Island.

Caraga (Region 13)

Referred to as the 'Mining Capital of the Philippines,' it is home to the Hinatuan Enchanted River and the ancient Balangay boats.

BARMM

The Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, created in 2019, is the only Philippine region with its own political government.

Kasaysayan

A chronological record of significant events and a branch of knowledge that explains past events to serve as a guide for solving current and future problems.

Kamalayang Pangkasaysayan (Historical Consciousness)

The active process of understanding how past events shaped current life and society, answering the questions of 'How?' and 'Why?'

Kaalaman sa Kasaysayan (Historical Knowledge)

The memorization of factual information regarding history, specifically answering the questions 'Who?', 'What?', 'Where?', and 'When?'.

Nation

A group of people sharing the same history, culture, and traditions, regardless of sovereign status.

Country

A political entity characterized by having sovereignty, a defined territory, a set population, and constitutions.

Historical Revisionism

The process of reinterpreting past events based on the emergence of new evidence.

Historical Distortion

The manipulation of historical narratives to fit personal agendas through the use of misinformation.

Dr. Zeus A. Salazar

The 'Father of the New Historiography of the Philippines' who advocates for viewing history from the perspective of the Filipino people.

Teodoro A. Agoncillo

The 'Father of the Nationalist View of History' who emphasizes the arguments, lessons, and convictions found within historical events.

Gregorio F. Zaide

The 'Dean of Filipino Historiographers' whose work focuses on exacting details and the accuracy of specific historical events.

Ambeth Ocampo

A pillar of 'Public History' known for focusing on the storytelling aspect of history and how it is communicated to the public.

Makabayan

A form of patriotism based on personal love for the country, culture, and heritage, often associated with emotions and the 'Panatang Makabayan'.

Makabansa

A form of nationalism that is political and active, focusing on contemporary issues, national identity, and participating in the life of the state.

Historicist Method

An analytical approach that views prophecies as unfolding continuously throughout human history from the time they are received until the end of time.

Head of Gold

In the dream of Nebuchadnezzar, this represents the Babylonian Empire and symbolizes absolute power and wealth.

Chest and Arms of Silver

Represents the Medo-Persian Empire, described as a kingdom 'inferior' to Babylon that conquered it in $539 \text{ BC}$.

Belly and Thighs of Bronze

Symbolizes the Macedonian/Greek Empire under Alexander the Great; the belly represents a monolithic government while the thighs represent the division of power after his death.

Legs of Iron

Represents the Roman Empire, symbolizing a dominance that was far stronger and more destructive than the empires that preceded it.

Feet of Iron and Clay

Represents future or modern powers characterized by division and instability, where strong nations are mixed with fragile ones.

Stone

Symbolizes God's eternal kingdom that smashes all earthly kingdoms and grows into a mountain that fills the entire earth.

Batis

A term for a historical source, literally meaning the 'source of a river' in the context of information flowing from the past.