Social Identity Theory - Park & Rothbart

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10 Terms

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Social Identity theory

  • the way someone thinks about themselves and evaluates themselves in relation to groups.

  • SIT aims to explain how individuals define themselves and which group they belong to

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3 Categories of SIT

  • social categorisation

  • social identification

  • social comparison

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Social Categorisation

  • the identification of the groups we belong to, either in-groups (us / we) or out-groups (they / them).

  • exaggerate similarities within our in-groups and differences in the out-groups or vise-versa depending on what values are important to the in-group (in/out group homogeneity)

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social identification

  • identifying who we are and what category we belong to

  • individuals adopt the identity of the groups they belong to

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social comparison

  • the act of making direct comparisons between in-groups and out-groups.

  • This can explain intergroup behaviours like conflict, prejudice, discrimination, and making bias comparisons.

  • closely related to social categorisation.

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Park & Rothbart aim

to investigate out-group homogeneity where members of in-groups will perceive members of their own groups as more diverse than out-groups.

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Park & Rothbart method

  • The study examined 3 sororities who all shared similar values

  • a questionnaire with 10 different dimensions (ex: partying/dressing well) was given to pp

  • The pp had to rank on a scale of 1-7 how similar they were to own sorority or others based on the questions.

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Park & Rothbart conclusion

In conclusion, out-group homogeneity was displayed by sorority members in each sorority because the participants in each sorority said they were different compared to their in-group and more similar compared to the out-groups.

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Park & Rothbart link back

  • examined out-group homogeneity which is part of the social categorization

  • discussed 10 dimensions of the sororities which is part of social identification because they must identify their sorority values.

  • social comparison as the questionnaire requires them to rank how similar and different they are to the other sororities, comparing their relation to the in-group and out-group.

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Park & Rothbart results

The study found that participants felt more similar to out-groups and more different to their in-group.