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chunking
organizing information into smaller, more manageable units or chunks to improve memory and processing efficiency
method of loci
a mnemonic technique involving the visualization of familiar spatial environments to enhance the recall of information
mnemonics
memory aids or techniques used to improve encoding and retrieval of information, such as acronyms, rhymes, or visual imagery
primacy effect
the tendency to remember the first items in a series better than the middle items
working memory
a limited-capacity system responsible for the temporary storage and manipulation of information needed for complex cognitive tasks, often referred to as the ‘mental workspace’
serial position effect
the tendency to recall the first and last items in a series best, and the middle items worst
information manipulation
the process of working with information to change or use it in a meaningful way
anterograde amnesia
a type of memory impairment characterized by the inability to form new memories after a specific event or injury, while memories from before the event remain intact
alzheimer’s disease
a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, language deterioration, and impaired ability to mentally manipulate visual information
distributed practice
a practice schedule that involves intervals of rest between sessions of learning
memory duration
the length of time information is retained in memory, varying from short-term to long-term
spacing effect
the phenomenon where information is better remembered when it is distributed over time with intervals between study sessions, compared to massed practice or cramming
long-term memory
the relatively permanent storage of information, including facts, experiences, and skills, with potentially unlimited capacity and duration
sensory input
information recieved through the senses that is transformed during encoding
infantile amnesia
the inability to retrieve memories from much before age 3
