ALL practice questions

what is the innervation of the diaphragm

phrenic nerve

what is the thin internal layer of the heart called

endocardium

the erector spinae muscles generally are responsible for which spinal movement

extension

working unilaterally the right external oblique will create what action

left trunk rotation

working unilaterally the right internal oblique will create what action

right trunk rotation

what are the most superficial intercostal muscles

external intercostals

what is considered a floating rib

ribs 11-12

in which direction is the apex of the heart orientated

anteriorly and to the left

which aspect of the heart is considered to be the base

posterior

the 4 pulmonary veins (2 right 2 left) return blood to which heart chamber

left atrium

coronary blood supply to the right atrium is supplied by which coronary artery right or left?

right

which cardiac structure is responsible for initating and regulating the impulses for cardiac muscle contraction

SA node

sympathetic innervation of the heart would have which effect on cardiac activity

increased heart rate

blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle via which valve

tricuspid

oxygenated blood is returned to the heart via which vascular structure

pulmonary veins

the left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta via which strucutre

aortic valve

inguinal ligament attachement site

ASIS

where is the 1st intercostal space located

between ribs 1 and 2

which layer of pleura lines the pulmonary cavities, adhering to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. (parietal or visceral)

parietal pleura

how many lobes are in the right lung

3

how many bronchiopulmonary segments are there in each lung

10

superior part of the sternum

manubrium

what is the name of the region between the pulmonary cavaties

mediastinum

which erector spinae muscles connect 2-4 segements superior to their origin

multifidus

what is the name for cardiac muscle

myocardium

which is the action of the quadratus lumborum when acting unilaterally

pelvic elevation

what is the inferior attachment of the rectus abdominis muscle

pubic symphysis

which is the action of splenius capitis when working bilaterally

cervical extension

what are the true ribs?

ribs 1-7

which is a typical rib?

rib 5

which is the midline marker for the central tendon of the diaphragm

xiphoid process

what is the insertion of the bicep femoris?

Head of fibula

which muscle is located on the lateral side of leg

Fibularis longus

which is the insertion of the gastrocnemius?

Calcaneus via calcaneus tendon

of the gluteal muscles, which is the largest and most superior

gluteus maximus

Insertion of gluteus medius

lateral aspect of greater trochanter

origin of gluteus minimus

gluteal surface of the ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

What attachment site do all of the hamstrings have in common?

ischial tuberosity

Which is a supportive layer of fascia on the lateral thigh?

iliotibial tract

Which is the origin of the iliacus?

Iliac fossa

Which structure forms a ligamentous barrier between the trunk and lower extremity and attaches to the pubic tubercle?

inguinal ligament

What is the anatomical name for the knee joint?

tibiofemoral joint

This structure increases the moment arm of the quadriceps and stabilizes the anterior knee when moving from sit-to-stand:

patella

Conservative treatment of sciatica often involves targeted stretching of which muscle?

piriformis

Which is the origin of the psoas major?

spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae

Which moverent is created by all muscles of the quadriceps group?

extension of the knee

Which of the quadriceps muscles crosses two joints?

rectus femoris

Which structure emerges from beneath the piriformis?

sciatic nerve

Which is the origin of the semimembranosus?

ischial tuberosity

Which is the insertion of the semitendinosus?

proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

Which is a part of the origin of the soleus?

soleal line

The "Tom, Dick AN" Harry" mnemonic device can help you remember the order in which tendons and vessels pass by which bony landmark?

medial malicolus

Which is the origin of the tensor fasciae latae?

illac crest, posterior to the anterior superior illac spine (ASIS)

Which is the origin of the tensor fasciae latae?

illac crest, posterior to the anterior superior illac spine (ASIS)

Which bone articulates with the tibia and fibula?

Talus

What is the insertion of the tibulis anterior

medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

Which of the following is an action of the vastus lateralis?

extend the knee

The distal tendons of which muscles form the "anatomical snuffbox"?

• abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus and brevis

Each wrist contains how many carpal bones?

8

Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus each have four thin tendons that pass through which sheath of connective tissue?

Carpal tunnel

Which irregular-shaped bones are located between the optal radius and ulna and the metacarpals of the hand?

Carpals

Which bony landmark articulates with the radius at the distal radioulnar joint?

head of the ulna

Which muscle's primary task is extension of the second, or "index," finger?

extensor indicis

Which bone articulates with the first metacarpal and is the source of the thumb's unique movements?

trapezium

Pronation and supination occur at which joints?

radioulnar

Which muscle is primarily responsible for creating opposition of the thumb?

opponens pollicis

The pisiform acts as an attachment site for which muscle?

flexor carpi ulnaris

Which muscles lie between the metacarpals of the digits and adduct the digits toward the middle finger?

palmar interossei

Which is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis

sides of middle phalanges of 2nd - 5th fingers

Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?

bases of distal phalanges, palmar surface

Which of the following is an action of the flexor carpi radialis?

radially deviate the wrist

Which movement lengthens the fibers of extensor digitorum?

finger flexion

Which of the following is an action of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

radially deviate the wrist

Which is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

base of second metacarpal

Which bony landmark acts as a pulley for the extensor pollicis longus tendon?

Lister's tubercle

Which band of connective tissue passes from side to side across the volar surface of the carpus?

• flexor retinaculum

Which is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

pisiform, hook of the hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal

Which muscle acts as a synergist to the flexor carpi radialus during abduction of the wrist?

extensor carpi radialis brevis

The common flexor tendon attaches to which bony landmark?

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Which of the following is an action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

ulnarly deviate the wrist

Which is the origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Abductor pollicis longus inserts on the:

First metacarpal

Which ligament is primarily responsible for maintaining the position of the head of the radius within the elbow joint?

• annular ligament

Which muscle is a synergist to the supinator during forearm supination?

biceps brachii

Which of the following is an action of the brachialis?

flex the elbow

Which of the following is an action of the brachioradialis?

flex the elbow

Which nerve is found within the cubital fossa?

Median nerve

The ulnar and radial collateral ligaments stabilize which joint against medial and lateral forces?

elbow

Extensor digiti minimi specifically extends the:

Fifth digit

Which tendon forms the medial border of the anatomical snuffbox?

Extensor pollicis longus

Which muscle flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5?

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor digitorum superficialis inserts on the:

Middle phalanges

Which muscle is considered the primary pronator of the forearm?

Pronator quadratus

Which bony landmark of the radius serves as the attachment site for brachioradialis?

styloid process of the radius

Which is the origin of the triceps brachi's long head?

infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Tommy John surgery reconstructs the:

Ulnar collateral ligament

The ulnar nerve passes posterior to the:

Medial epicondyle

Which is the origin of the anconeus?

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Which is the origin of the brachioradialis?

proximal two-thirds of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

The normal carrying angle typically ranges between:

• 5-19°