Founding Conferences of the United Nations

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key founding conferences, leaders, and agreements leading to the creation of the United Nations.

Atlantic Charter

Declaration agreed on August 14, 1941, off Newfoundland by F.D. Roosevelt and W. Churchill, establishing principles like self-determination, freedom of the seas, collective security, and the ideological basis for the UN.

Declaration by United Nations

Signed on January 1, 1942, in Washington by 26 Allied states, marking the first official use of the term proposed by Roosevelt and committing signatories to fight the Axis without separate peace.

Moscow Conference

October 1943 meeting of foreign ministers Cordell Hull, Anthony Eden, Vyacheslav Molotov, and the Chinese ambassador, resulting in a declaration on the need for a post-war international organization based on sovereign equality.

Tehran Conference

Conference from November 28 to December 1, 1943, marking the first meeting of the 'Big Three' (Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin) to discuss military strategy against Germany and early plans for an international organization.

Dumbarton Oaks Conference

Held from August 21 to October 7, 1944, in Washington, where delegations from the USA, UK, USSR, and China set up key UN organs including the General Assembly, Security Council, ECOSOC, ICJ, and Secretariat.

Yalta Conference

Held from February 4 to 11, 1945, in Crimea by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin, settling the Security Council veto rules, setting the San Francisco Conference date, and admitting Ukraine and Byelorussia separately.

San Francisco Conference

Conference from April 25 to June 26, 1945, with 50 Allied states (plus Poland as a 51st founding member) that drafted and adopted the UN Charter, officially birthing the UN on October 24, 1945.

The Big Three ('Les Trois Grands')

Refers to Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA), Winston Churchill (UK), and Joseph Stalin (USSR), who met together for the first time at the Tehran Conference in late 1943.