UNIT 4 DE US HISTORY (CIVIL WAR)

Frederick Douglas

____ was an Northern Abolitionist.

Sumner-Brooks clash

____was an event in 1856 where senator Sumner denounced KS-NE act. Also insulted sen. Butler, related to sen. Brooks. Brooks beats Sumner with a cane on senate floor

Dred Scott v Sanford

____ was a supreme court case in 1857, where Dred Scott sued for freedom. Ruled that he wouldn't get freedom.

Dred Scott v Sanford impact

____ showed that not just slaves were property, but also freed slaves. Freed states can’t stop southerns from bringing slaves north (its their property)

Dred Scott v Sanford impact

____ included MO compromise unconstitutional,

challenged popular sovereignty

Republicans outraged.

System is not working, something brewing…

Panic of 1857

_____ was a panic which followed the Crimean war, depression, manufacturing surplus in north, south has nothing. reduces foreign demand for US grain. Hurt North the most.

• South claimed superiority

• North blamed a reduced tariff

Lincoln v Douglas Debates

____ was a debate over Illinois senate, in which Lincoln publicly talked about Slavery (rare)

John Brown

____ believes in a violent end to slavery. System wont do it, he will.

Harpers Ferry

The attack on ____ was a raid started by John Brown to incite a slave revolt and target the federal Arsenal. Scares South badly.

Fort Sumner

The bombardment of ____ in 1861, was a battle that officially began the American Civil War. Confederate forces fired upon the Union-held fort in Charleston Harbor, leading to its surrender and prompting four more Southern states to secede

Impacts of Fort Sumner

• War begins

• Northerns rally behind cause

• Northern Democrats support Lincoln

• Secession of VA, NC, and TN (upper south)

ECONOMICS: NORTH

Income tax, sold bonds, tariffs, inflated currency, benefited from manufacturing surplus.

ECONOMICS: SOUTH

Union blockade hurts trade, sold bonds, crippling taxes, inflated currency, cotton couldn't save.

Social Issues during Civil War

• Importance of women to war effort

• Food shortages in the South

• Draft riots in North

Antietem

_____ was a battle during a southern invasion of Maryland, becomes bloodiest day in American History

Emancipation Proclamation

______ was a speech by president Lincoln following Antietam (July, 1862), freed slaves in rebelling states (not border), made the war about Slavery.

Mathew Brady

_____ first photojournalist, sent photos of battlefield to peoples home. 

“score” meaning

20 years. (4 score and 7 years ago—1776)

Shermans plan

_____ was a order by the union of general Sherman to attack Georgia. Atlanta captured and burned Sumner (1864) Sherman’s March to the sea (Atlanta to Savannah) TOTAL WAR

End of the war

• Apr 1865—Confederate evacuate Richmond

• Grant trapped near appomattox court house (forced to end war)

Aftermath of War

• What to do with freed slaves

• rights of freed blacks

• southern economy

• readmit confederate states

• should Confederacy be punished

• what branch should oversee reconstruction

How many died in the Civil War?

360 Union soldiers

260 Confederate soldiers killed

600k+

Assassination of Lincoln

This event by John Wilkes Booth, April 14th 1865, part of a larger plot, killed President Lincoln. 

Radical republicans

_____ focused on making the South more lie the north, wanted to punish the south, ruin Democratic party (Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner)

Wade Davis Bill

_____ in 1864, made majority of southern states to pledge loyalty and never support CSA. New government must exclude rebels and abolish slavery, pocket vetoed by lincoln

Sharecropping

_____practice of giving part of harvest for rent

Civil rights Act of 1866

_____ all people born in US are citizens, rights of citizens override state laws, federal actions against violations of civil rights

Military reconstruction act

____ passed over Johnson's veto, created 5 military zones

White Southern Reponse

black codes, KKK—other terrioist groups, intimidations aimed at voting and education.

White Southerners Targets

• Blacks

• Carpetbaggers

• Republicans

• Anyone who isn't white protestant

Carpetbaggers

____ term used by southerners for Northerners who moved to the south for political or profitable gain.