Explain the reporting requirements for special situations, including abuse, drug- or felony-related injuries, childbirth, and crime scenes.

Which groups are protected under abuse laws?

Children, older adults, and other “at-risk” adults.

Are reporters protected from liability if reports are unfounded?

Yes, if reports are made in good faith, immunity from libel, slander, or defamation is usually granted.

What types of injuries must be reported if likely caused during a crime?

Gunshot wounds, knife wounds, poisonings, and other injuries related to felonies.

How does the law classify drug addiction vs. possession or sale?

Drug addiction is considered an illness, not a crime.

Can some drug-related injuries be kept confidential?

Yes, some states excuse reporting to agencies or parents if withholding helps proper treatment.

When must a live birth be reported?

When attended outside a licensed medical facility.

Name some injuries or conditions EMS personnel must report.

Burns (children), attempted suicides, dog bites, communicable diseases, assaults, domestic violence, sexual assault/rape.

What happens if an EMT fails to report?

Possible disciplinary action, suspension, fines, or criminal prosecution.

What should you do if a crime scene is suspected?

Notify the dispatcher, avoid disturbing evidence, document patient and object positions, and avoid contaminating the scene.

What precautions should be taken for sexual assault victims?

Encourage the victim not to shower or clean themselves.

Can EMTs pronounce a patient dead?

No, EMTs generally do not have this authority.

What should EMTs do if the patient may still be alive?

Make every effort to save the patient at the scene and during transport.

What should be done if the patient is clearly dead and a crime is suspected?

Do not move the body or disturb the scene.