Vertebrate Tissues & Diversity

What is a tissue?

a collection of similarly constructed cells that work together to perform a specific function

What are the 4 tissue categories in vertebrates?

• Epithelial Tissue

• Connective Tissue

• Muscle Tissue

• Nervous Tissue

Where are epithelial tissues found?

they cover the body surfaces and line body cavities

What separates the epithelial tissue from connective tissue?

a basement membrane

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

absorption, secretion, and protection of underlying tissues

What are epithelial tissues classified by?

cell shape and number of cell layers

What are the different cell shapes of epithelial tissues?

squamous, cuboidal, and columnar

What are squamous shaped tissues?

flat, scale-like epithelial cells

What are cuboidal shaped tissues?

cube-like in appearance

What are columnar shaped tissues?

cells are tall and narrow giving a column like appearance

If there is 1 layer of tissue, it’s called:

simple

If there is 2 or more layers of tissue, it is called:

stratified

What do connective tissues do?

bind structures together, lend body support, transport materials, and provide protection

Examples of connective tissues:

• cartilage

• bone

• adipose tissues (body fat)

What are muscle tissues specialized for?

contraction

What are the contractile proteins?

actin & myosin

What are the 3 types of vertebrate muscle?

• skeletal

• cardiac

• smooth

Neurons =

functional and structural units of the nervous system

Glial cells =

supportive cells to neurons

What 3 regions make up neurons?

• cell body (soma)

• dendrites

• axon

Cell body (soma):

most of the cytoplasm and nucleus

Dendrites:

extensions of the cell body (short and multiple); transport impulses toward the soma

Axon:

extensions of the cell body (long and singular); conduct impulses away from the soma

What did we look at on the bone slide?

dry ground bone

What did we look at on the spinal cord/neurons slide?

motor neuron smear

What did we look at on the skeletal slide?

skeletal muscle

What did we look at on the cardiac slide?

cardiac muscle

What did we look at on the adipose slide?

white adipose tissue

What did we look at on the blood slide?

frog blood smear

What did we look at on the loose connective slide?

areolar connective tissue smear

What did we look at on the dense connective slide?

tendon

What did we look at on the simple columnar slide?

small intestine

What did we look at on the simple squamous slide?

amphibian skin OR kidney

What did we look at on the simple cubodial slide?

kidney