Population Dynamics (IQ1)

What effect can one species have on the other species in a community?

Predator-Prey Relationship

one species survives on consuming the other species (predator eats prey)

Competition (Interspecific)

occurs between organisms of two different species who compete directly or indirectly for limiting resources

Competition (Intraspecific)

occurs when two or more individuals of the same species simultaneously demand use of a limited resource

Allelopathy

where one organism directly stops or suppresses the growth of another by chemically inhibiting it

Parasitism

one organism is benefitted, at the expense of the other

Mutualism

both organisms are benefitted

Commensalism

one organisms is benefitted, the other is neither benefitted or harmed

Impact of Abiotic Factors

Temperature, Light, pH, Water & Humidity and Area Sizes are abiotic factors in which each organism has adapted to an optimal level. Any imbalances of abiotic factors can impact organisms

Ecological Niche

refers to the role of a species in an environment, that explains symbiotic relationships between species. This includes all interactions with biotic and abiotic factors

Consequence of Predation

Large numbers of predators = decrease in prey abundance

Consequence of Competition

Intraspecific Consequence → Fluctuation in population size around the carrying capacity, Interspecific Consequence → reduced population sizes & altering species distribution

Consequence of Disease

can wipe out populations of species (can cause endangerment or extinction

Quadrats

Used for sampling non-moving populations, measure the abundance, grids (often 1m2)

Transects

a collection of ordered quadrats used to estimate the distribution of a species

Capture-Recapture

Used for counting moving animals, Some animals can be capture and tagged then released back into the environment