POVERTY IN CANADA & MARX WEBBER, POWER, AND INCOME INEQUALITY

WHAT DOES POVERTY MEAN?

A state in which resources are lacking

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF POVERTY?

Relative Poverty & Absolute Poverty

WHAT DOES RELATIVE POVERTY MEAN?

Deprecation of an individual compared to another - AKA not life threatening

AN EXAMPLE OF RELATIVE POVERTY

State of precarious housing and employment

WHAT IS ABSOLUTE POVERTY?

depreciation that threatens that survival of a person - AKA life threatening

AN EXAMPLE OF ABSOLUTE POVERTY

People who are homeless, unable to buy food, clothes, and other necessities

FACTS ABOUT POVERTY

1-7 Canadians live in poverty

One billion people live in poverty around the world - that 20% of the world globally

WHAT DOES LOW INCOME CUT OFFS MEAN?

Defining poverty can be challenging due to different thresholds such as abólsate and relative, and because of its context dependent

WHAT DOES LICOS INDICATE

Points at which a family spends more of its income on food, shelter, and clothing than an average family

WHAT DOES BASIC INCOME DO?

guarantee’s anual income that reduces inequality and Economic poverty

WHAT IS ONE WAY BASIC INCOME HELPS?

If an individual earns below the poverty line, they receive a tax credit, to push their income above the poverty line

WHAT DO ADVOCATE’S OF BASIC INCOME ARGUE?

It is needed to address poverty, particularly in an area of precarious employment

WHATS AN EXAMPLE OF BASIC INCOME IN CANADA?

Canadian emergency response benefit - CERB

During COVID 19 pandemic ($2000)

WHAT DO CRITIQUES ARGUE ABOUT BASIC INCOME

Idea is too expensive to implement and doesn’t target the poor

WHAT DOES CYCLE OF POVERTY MEAN?

Refers to how poverty perpetuates itself without some sort of outside, usually government intervention.

WHAT ARE SOME FACTORS OF CYCLE POVERTY

Low income

Little education

Lack of housing

Poor health

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THESE FACTORS COMBINE

Makes it difficult for individuals to draw themselves up from poverty

WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF CYCLE OF POVERTY

A homeless person May find it hard to find a job and get of being poor do to these factors

1. No address to put in their application

2. No acces to a computer to distribute a resume

3. No clean or suitable clothes for an interview

WHY DOES POVERTY LEAD TO INADEQUATE AND UNSAFE HOUSING

High crime rate

High levels of traffic

Few public spaces like parks

Poor social services such as schools, libraries, and community services

WHAT DOES INADEQUATE NUTRITION, POOR HEALTHCARE, PHYSICAL, AND MENTAL HEALTH LEAD TO?

Lower life expectations

WHAT DOES INCOME INEQUALITY IN CANADA DO?

Referees to gap earnings

HOW IS INCOME INEQUALITIES IN CANADA MEASURED?

Through the concept of socio economics states (SES)

WHAT IS SOCIO ECONOMICS MADE UP OF?

1. Income

2. Educational attainment

3. Occupational prestige

WHAT DOES SESE INCORPORATE?

Social class and social status

WHO WAS MAX WEBBER

INFLUENCED BY KARL MARX

FACTS ABOUT MAX WEBBER

Born in Prussia

Became a faculty member in university of Berlin

HOW DID WEBBER BEGIN LOOKING AT HIS THEORY

Looks at how power drives human behaviour

WHAT DID WEBBER DISTINGUISH? AND WHAT DID HE ARGUE THERE WAS?

Distinguished between class with power and class without power, and argued that there are three based primary powers in society

WHAT ARE THE THREE PRIMARY BASES OF POWER?

CLASS (wealth and Income)

STATUS (Prestige and Honor)

PARTIES (Political Powers)

WHAT IS CLASS

It’s about power in economic order - which lead for Webber to theorize four classes

WHAT WERE WEBBERS FOUR CLASSE

LARGE CAPITALISTS - large factories and business with many workers

SMALL CAPITALISTS - Small businesses with fewer workers

SPECIALISTS - DOCTORS LAWYERS AND PROFESSOR with measurable limits

WORKING CLASS - manual labourers with no specialized skills and training

WHAT IS STATUS

Gives people a sense in STYLE OF LFIE based on some kind of SOCIAL PRESTIGE AND HONOR

HOW CAN STATUS BE EXPRESSED

Through interactions with others

HOW CAN STATUS BE FORMAL

Can be seen through people with titles such as DOCTORS or LAWYERS

HOW CAN STATUS BE INFORMAL

Giving older people respect in society

HOW CAN CLASS AND STATUS BE CORRELATED?

FOR EXAMPLE: A CEO of a large company is from a capitalists class with also a lot of status

• Due to owning a large house, owning designer clothes, and owning luxury goods

WHAT IS PARTIES

Parties are any organization that seeks to influence social action and aims to achieve some to gain power

DO PARTIES ONLY INCLUDE POLITICAL PARTIES?

NO!

It can also include, environmental groups, sporting and recreation groups, or anything that aims to solve problems

WHAT IS SOCIAL MOBILITY

Refers to an individuals movement up or down the economic system

WHAT IS ONE REASOM WHY INCOME INEQUALITY MIGHT NOT BE MUCH OF A CONCERN

Social Mobility

WHAT WOULD MAKE THE RICH AND POOR GAP LESSEN

People moving from class to class

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEM

Achievement Based

Ascription Based