Nurse Cheung ATI TEAS: Math

Rational Numbers

Any numbers that can be expressed as a fraction of two integers (whole numbers); if a number can be written in the form a/b, where a and b are whole numbers, and b is not equal to zero, it is a rational number

Ex. 1, 2/3, -4, and 0

Repeating decimals and terminating decimals are included

Irrational Numbers

Numbers that cannot be expressed as a fraction of two integers (whole numbers); they are non-repeating, non-terminating decimals

Ex. Square root of 2, pi, and the golden ratio

Integers

whole numbers and their opposites

Ratios

A comparison between two quantities of the same kind

Ex. 30 boys : 35 girls

Rates of Change

A rate of change describes how a quantity changes with respect to another

Ex. 15 miles/2 hours

Expression

A mathematical phrase that combines numbers and/or variables using mathematical operations (no equal sign)

Equations

An equation is like an expression, but it includes an equal sign, indicating that the value of one side of the equation is equal to the value of the other

Spread

Refers to the extent of data distribution, giving insights into how closely or widely the data is scattered

Absolute Difference

The straightforward subtraction of the smallest value from the largest value, providing the range

Standard Deviation

Quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values; a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score

Unimodal

Refers to a distribution that has a single peak or mode; it means there's one particular value or class interval that appears more frequently than the others

Bimodal

Has two prominent peaks; this suggests that there are two values that are notable more common than others in the data set

Right (Positive) Skew

When a dataset is described as being right-skewed, it means the tail on the right side is longer than the left side

This typically means that the mean is greater than the median

Left (Negative) Skew

Left-skewed datasets have a longer tail on the left side of the distribution

Here, the mean is usually less than the median

Which axis represents the dependent variable?

y-axis

Which axis represents the independent variable?

x-axis

Direct Variation

Occurs when two variables change proportionally and in the same direction

as one variable increases, the other also increases; as one variable decreases, the other also decreases

Ex. The distance traveled by a car and the time it takes; as time increases, so does distance

Inverse Variation

Occurs when two variables change proportionally but in opposite directions; as one variable increases, the other decreases, and vice versa

Ex. The amount of time taken to complete a task and the amount of workers assigned to the task; the more workers that are assigned, the less time it will take

How do you find the circumference of a circle?

C = 2πr

How do you find the arc of a circle?

2πr (n/360)

N = degrees or fraction of the circle

How do you find the area of a square or rectangle?

Length X Width

How do you find the area of a triangle?

A = ½ bh

How do you find the area of a parallelogram?

A = bh

How do you find the area of a trapezoid?

A = 1/2h (b1 + b2)

How do you find the area of a circle?

Area = πr2

How do you find the area of a rhombus?

A = 1/2 (d1 x d2)

D = diagonals

How do you find the volume of a rectangular prism?

length x width x height

How do you find the volume of a triangular prism?

V = (base X height x length) / 2

How do you find the volume of a cylinder?

V= π r²h

How do you find the volume of a cone?

(π r²h) / 3

How do you find the volume of a rectangular pyramid?

(Length x width x height) / 3

How do you find the volume of a sphere?

4/3πr^3

How many feet are in a yard?

3 feet = 1 yard

How many feet are in a mile?

5280 ft

How many ounces are in a pound?

16 oz

How many cups are in a pint?

2 cups = 1 pint

How many pints are in a quart?

2 pints

How many quarts in a gallon?

4 qts

How many pounds in a ton?

2,000 lbs

What is deca?

10x larger than a unit

1 Deca = 10 Units

What is hecto?

100x larger than a unit

1 hecto = 100 units

What is kilo?

1000x larger than a unit

1 kilo = 1000 units

What is deci?

10x smaller than a unit

10 deci = 1 unit

What is centi?

100x smaller than a unit

100 centi = 1 unit

What is mili?

1000x smaller than a unit

1000 mili = 1 unit

How do you convert gallons to liters?

1 gallon = 3.8 liters

How do you convert kilograms to pounds?

1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds

How do you convert inches to centimeters?

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

How do you convert meters to feet?

1 meter = 3.28 feet

How do you convert miles to kilometers?

1 mile = 1.6 kilometers

How do you convert ounces to grams?

1 ounce = 28.35 grams

How do you convert meters to yards?

1 meter = 1.09 yards