MCB 2010C - Module 8

A gene is defined as __________.

a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional

product

Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED?

RNA polymerase – makes a molecule of RNA from an RNA

template

An enzyme that makes covalent bonds between Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand of DNA is

DNA ligase

An enzyme that copies DNA to make a molecule of RNA is __________.

RNA polymerase

DNA is constructed of __________.

two strands of nucleotides running in an antiparallel configuration

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

DNA replication proceeds in only one direction

Which of the following is NOT a product of transcription?

a new strand of DNA

If you knew the sequence of nucleotides within a gene, which one of the following could you best determine?

the primary structure of the protein

If base 6 is adenine, what is base 6’?

Thymine – A and T pair

If base 2 is adenine, what is base 9' (remember the complimentary configuration of bases in DNA)?

Adenine – the two strands will be identical, that is the point of DNA replication, so if 2 is A then its matching location (9’) on the other strand is also A

Base 5 (and ONLY the base) is covalently bound/attached to __________.

deoxyribose

The antibiotic chloramphenicol binds the 50S large subunit of a ribosome as shown (the light gray area is the large subunit, while the black shape is the drug). From this information you can conclude that chloramphenicol

prevents translation in prokaryotes

The necessary ingredients for DNA synthesis can be mixed together in a test tube. The DNA polymerase is from Thermus aquaticus, and the template is from a human cell. The DNA synthesized would be most similar to __________.

human DNA

A bacterium suddenly acquires antibiotic resistance. This trait most likely occurred due to __________.

conjugation

Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell __________.

as naked DNA in solution

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by __________.

mutation, transduction, conjugation

The DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation is __________.

cut out

The mechanism by which the presence of glucose inhibits the lac operon is __________.

catabolite repression

What does UV light do to DNA?

Thymine bases next to each other on the same strand of DNA form a dimer

Transduction requires a(n) ________ to move DNA from one bacterial cell to another.

bacteriophage

The material that a bacteriophage packages during transduction is _____.

DNA

Based on the information in the table, prostate cancer is probably the result of which kind of mutation?

nonsense

What type of mutation is caused by the induction of thymine dimer formation?

frameshift mutation

Two genes have sequence differences but the amino acid sequences in the proteins formed do not have differences. What is the most likely explanation for this observation?

The mutations lie at locations where they don't affect protein sequence due to degeneracy of the genetic code

In generalized transduction, where a piece of DNA from an infected bacterial cell is packaged into a bacteriophage protein coat, what is the likely outcome?

A second bacterial cell infected by that bacteriophage will acquire new DNA from the original infected cell

Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation __________.

transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication

If compound C reacts with the allosteric site of enzyme A, this would exemplify __________.

feedback inhibition