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Marquis de Lafayette
French noble who supported the US Revolution.
Louis XVI
Shy French monarch easily influenced by advisors.
Marie Antoinette
Austrian queen disliked for extravagance and entitlement.
Old Order
Unfair French social structure with three estates.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Charter advocating for basic liberties and equality.
Estates General
Corrupted French legislature with three estates.
National Assembly
Legislative body formed by 3rd estate deputies.
The Bastille
Infamous French prison stormed by the people in 1789.
Jacobins
Radical group advocating for a republic.
Sans Culottes
Working-class radical group wanting a republic.
Girondins
Moderate group in the National Assembly.
The Mountain
Radical group outnumbering Girondins, advocating for a republic.
Emigres
Nobles and clergy fleeing France during the Revolution.
Guillotine
French execution machine beheading individuals.
Georges Danton
French nobleman who supported the lower class, executed by Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre
French politician turned dictator during the Reign of Terror
Jean Paul Marat
Radical journalist advocating extreme violence for revolution
Committee of Public Safety
Group with absolute power to accuse and execute during the Revolution
Reign of Terror
Period of fear-driven rule by the Committee, targeting 3rd estate
A Nation in Arms
Term for the powerful French Republic Army during the Revolution
De-Christianization
Policy to remove Christian influence, worshiping reason instead
Napoleon Bonaparte
French ruler who centralized power, expanded territory, and became a dictator
Napoleonic Code
Set of laws by Napoleon standardizing property, education, and more
Prefects
Centralized government agents leading local administrations
Continental System
Napoleon's economic blockade to weaken Britain by trade deprivation
Nationalism
Pride in one's country, fostering unity or independence