Diversity & Evolution of inverts Exam 1

What are invertebrates?

• NON monophyletic group

• Eukaryotic organisms without a vertebrae

• multicellular heterotrophs

• 93-97% of all Animalia, and 75% of described species

Why do invertebrates matter?

Human health, agricultural production, nutrient cycling, decomposition

Important ecosystem services and disservices

What is a morphospecies

a group of organisms defined as a distinct species based solely on its physical appearance and structural traits, such as size, shape, or color

What is a biological species

A group of natural populations that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, while being reproductively isolated from other groups.

Are luffa sponges invertebrates?

NO. They are plants (luffa comes from a gourd)

True or false

Coral reefs have indeterminate growth like plants, so they are not invertebrates.

FALSE

True or false

Comb jellies are in the same phylum as jellyfish

FALSE

comb jellies are in ctenophora.

jellyfish are in cnidaria.

who are the two most foundational marine species

CORALS AND SPONGES! They create physical structures and provide an ecosystem

a snail is in the class

Gastropoda

a tick has __ legs and is in the subclass __

a scorpion is in the class __ along with a _

Defense in the phylum (walking stick) includes __ and __

What is a phylogenetic clade?

A clade in phylogenetics is a group of species that has a common ancestor and all of its descendants.

In food webs only __ percent of energy flows from one trophic level to another.

10%

What three major orders of benthic macroinvertebrates are used to quantify stream health?

List at least five species of Texas vertebrates that depend on invertebrates for food.

1. Mephitis mephitis

2. Scaphiopus couchii

3. Micropterus treculi

4. Phrynosoma cornutum

5. Grus americana

 The parasite that causes Chagas diseases is transmitted by insects in the subfamily __ commonly known as _

What factors contribute to desiccation resistance in insects?

True or false

Non-native earthworms arrived in North America as stowaways.

True

What type of insects does a malaise trap capture?

What order of invertebrates has the most species?

Coleoptera (beetles)