Group 7

What are Group 7 elements called

Halogens

All the elements in group 7 Metals or Non-metals

Non-Metals

Why are Halogens diatomic

They from molecules made of pairs of atoms sharing electrons(forming a single covalent bond between other non-metals)

What do every group 7 element form

A molecule consisting of two atoms joined by a covalent bond

As you go DOWN Group 7, the halogens:

1)Become less reactive-it’s harder to gain an extra electron, because the outer shells further from the nucleus

2)have higher melting and boiling point

3)Have higher relative atomic mass

Describe the satts of group 7 elements at room temperature

Fluorine and Fluorine are gas at room temperature

Bromine is a liquid at room temperature

Iodine is a solid at room temperature

When do Group 7 elements form covalent compounds

When they react with other non-metal elements

What happens with Halogen react with metals

Form ionic compound called halides which have a -1 charge

What is the name of the halogen when they react with metal

End with ide E.g Bromide,Chloride,fluoride

Why is it harder for chlorine to gain an electrons compared to fluorine

1)As in chlorine atom there is a greater distance between outer energy level and nucleus compared to fluorine atom.So outer electron are less attracted to the positive nucleus in a chlorine atom compared to fluorine atom.

2)In a chlorine atom there’s more electrons in internal energy levels so there’s a greater shielding in chlorine compared to fluorine.

-So both distance and increasing shielding mean that attraction between outer energy level and nucleus is lower in chlorine atom than fluorine atom.This makes it harder for a chlorine atom to attract an electron to its outer energy level than fluorine atom. So this makes chlorine less reactive

A more reactive halogen….

Can replace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt

What happens when sodium bromide react with fluorine

Fluorine can displace the bromine as it’s more reactive so equation will be

Sodium bromide+fluorine= sodium fluoride +bromine