AP Psych Brain Quiz Orlando

Thalamus

-Acts as a relay station for incoming sensory info (except smell)

Cerebral cortex

-part of the brain that contains the association areas

Temporal Lobe

-Where we process auditory info
-Where we process taste and smell
-Recognize faces

Somatosensory Cortex (in parietal lobe)

Specifically where we process touch sensations

Aphasia

severe language impairment

Structures in the Hindbrain

medulla, pons, cerebellum, reticular formation

Cerebellum

-Coordinates voluntary fine motor movement
-Maintains balance and posture
-Processes nonverbal learning and memory
-Helps discriminate sensory info for sound & texture
-Malformation linked to autism

Basal Ganglia

-Plays a role in planning sequences of behavior
-initiation and direction of movement
-putting brakes on unnecessary movement

What is the midbrain responsible for?

-eye movement
-combining hearing and vision together
-coordinating simple movements with sensory info

What are the 4 F's (controlled by hypothalamus)

fight
flight
food (hunger)
fornication (arousal)

Corpus Callosum

-band of fibers that connects the 2 hemispheres of the cerebral cortex

What structures are a part of the Limbic System? (structures involved in emotional and motivated behaviors)

Hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, pituitary gland, olfactory, bulbs, septum, cingulate gyrus

What is the executive decision maker of the brain?

frontal lobe

Primary Motor Cortex (in frontal lobe)

-where movement messages occur in the brain
-sends the messages to move different parts of our body

Wernicke's Area (in temporal lobe)

-Allows you to understand language

Medulla

Control breathing, heart rate, vomiting, salivating, coughing, sneezing, vasomotor center

Pons (means bridge)

-controls facials expression and breathing
-connects the medulla with the rest of the brain; -connects cerebellum with the rest of the brain

Reticular Formation

-regulates arousal (alertness)
-sleep/wake
-catches incoming impulses from the spinal cord and directs them to the brain
-controls consciousness
-helps with pain perception

Structures in the Midbrain

Basal ganglia, substantia nigra

Substantia Nigra

-produces dopamine
-Smooth ignition of movement

Structures in the Forebrain

thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, hippocampus, amygdala, septum, cingulate gyrus, corpus callosum, cerebral cortex

Pituitary Gland (connected to base of hypothalamus

-master gland of the endocrine system (regulars all other glands)
-releases growth hormone

Amygdala (on the end of each hippocampal arm)

-Causes anger, aggression, and fear

-helps decide if something was pleasurable

-helps with self-preservation behaviors

Which temporal lobe is essential for understanding spoken language?

left

Hypothalamus (located below/next to the thalamus)

controls anger, flight or flight repose, hunger, thirst, pleasure, sexual desire, temperature, pituitary gland, circadian rhythm

Hippocampus (wraps around thalamus)

-converts short term memory into long term (DOES NOT STORE IT)
-assembles memory information from other parts of the brain for recall

Septum (NOT NORMALLY A TEST ANSWER)

-rageful behavior and hypersensitivity

Cingulate Gyrus (located above corpus callosum)

- Associates memories to smell and pain
- Produces negative and positive feelings
-Shifting of attention and cognitive flexibility

Occipital Lobe

- processes visual information
- where we actually see

Parietal Lobe

-Where we perceive stimuli related to touch, pressure, temperature, and pain
-where we process visual spatial info

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for reasoning, planning, movement, emotions, memory, personality, social control, attention

Broca's area (in frontal lobe) (next to part of motor cortex that controls movement of the face and mouth)

-Allows for the production of speech (allows you to talk)

Angular Gyrus (located at the intersection of the occipital love and the temporal lobe)

-Responsible for taking visual info and converting it to an auditory code so you understand what you read
-Reason why whenever you read something you hear it in your head

Left hemisphere tasks

speech, language, logic, writing

Right hemisphere tasks

art, music, emotions

Olfactory Bulbs

Where we process smell