Computer Hardware Fundamentals Review Flashcards

Flashcards reviewing key concepts from the Computer Hardware Fundamentals lecture, focusing on storage and memory.

A __ is a sealed case containing one or more circular platters or disks that store data.

Hard Disk

Data stored on a hard disk is __ in nature, meaning it persists even without power.

non-volatile

__ Form Factor hard disks were based on the original drive bay size and are now obsolete.

5 1/4"

The __ Form Factor hard disk, introduced by Sony in 1991, offered enhanced rigidity and power conservation.

3 1/2"

__ hard disks are best suited for laptops and notebook PCs.

2 1/2" Form Factor

The __ Form Factor hard disk mounts seamlessly in most PCMCIA slots.

1.8”

__ , also called MicroDrive, features a platter approximately the size of a quarter.

1" Form Factor

__ uses a parallel data transfer method with wider ribbon cables and larger connectors.

PATA

__ uses a serial data transfer method, allowing for faster speeds and thinner cables.

SATA

__ contains the electronic controller and bus adapter circuit for hard drives.

Logic Boards

__ are integrated into the disk drive as part of the IDE interface.

Controllers

__ has superior cabling, higher bandwidth, and greater reliability compared to PATA.

Serial ATA (SATA)

__ is a standard for communication between peripheral devices and the system bus, supporting up to 15 devices.

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)

Hard disks store data in circular rings called __ .

tracks

__ use NAND-based flash memory to store data, offering faster speeds and greater durability.

Solid State Drives (SSDs)

__ is a high-speed interface protocol designed for SSDs.

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)

NVMe SSDs connect via the __ interface for faster data transfer.

PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)

PCIe Gen 4 provides __ the data rate per lane compared to Gen 3.

double

Gen 4 SSDs can reach read/write speeds of up to __ .

7,000 MB/s

__ is the most common term for memory in a computer and is also known as primary storage.

RAM

Data in RAM is __ , meaning it is lost when the computer is turned off.

volatile

__ is temporary storage for short-term data access and is essential for running applications quickly.

Primary Memory

__ uses flip-flops made of transistors and does not require refreshing.

SRAM (Static RAM)

__ requires constant refreshing to retain data.

DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

__ syncs with the CPU clock for improved timing and speed.

SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)

__ transfers data on both the rising and falling edges of the clock signal, doubling the data rate.

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

A __ is a type of RAM module used in computers that contains multiple RAM chips on a single circuit board.

DIMM

__ are older technology circuit boards that hold memory chips and have been replaced by DIMMs.

SIMM