AP World History Unit 1 Review: The Global Tapestry (c. 1200 - c. 1450)

Flashcards covering key historical concepts, named entities, dates, and accomplishments across East Asia, Dar al-Islam, and South/Southeast Asia between c. 1200 and c. 1450.

What was the Civil Service Exam in China, and which dynasty originally introduced it?

It was a standardized test over Confucianism introduced by the Han dynasty that placed individuals into high government positions based on performance.

What was the Censorate system during the Song Dynasty?

A checks and balances system in government where candidates were placed into one of six departments based on Civil Service Exam results.

What is Neo-Confucianism?

A popular Song dynasty revival of Confucian thinking that incorporated insights from Buddhism and Daoism, along with a revival of filial piety.

What agricultural strain was introduced from Vietnam to China, and what technique did it enable?

Champa Rice, a fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain that enabled terrace farming.

How did China's population grow from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty by 1200?

It grew from 50-60 million during the Tang Dynasty to 120 million by 1200 during the Song Dynasty.

Why was foot binding practiced on women during the Song Dynasty?

Women were viewed as weak and distracting, so foot binding was used to restrict them to the home. It was banned in 1912.

How did Korea interact with China under the tributary system?

Korea borrowed cultural ideas from China but remained politically independent through the tributary system.

What code of conduct was followed by the Japanese Samurai warrior class?

The Bushido code, which borrowed from Neo-Confucianism and valued bravery, loyalty, honor, skill, and choosing death over surrender.

What was the Baghdad House of Wisdom under the Abbasid Caliphate?

A global center of learning and knowledge open to scholars regardless of religion.

What significance did the Mamluk Sultanate hold in world history?

It was the first successful slave revolt in history, carried out by militarily trained slaves who seized Egypt and North Africa.

How did the Seljuk Turks and Abbasids structure their co-existence from 1037 to 1194?

The Seljuk Turks managed the government while the Abbasids managed religion.

What key event occurred when the Mongols invaded Baghdad in 1258?

The Mongol leader destroyed Baghdad, drove out the Seljuk Turks, and pushed the Abbasid Caliphate westward until they were stopped in Egypt by the Mamluks.

What contributions were made by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201-1274)?

He built an observatory with accurate astronomical charts, made medical advances, and laid the groundwork for trigonometry.

Who was Aisha al-Ba'uniyyah (1460-1507)?

The most prolific female Muslim writer before the 20th century, known for her works reflecting the Sufi tradition.

What was the main difference between Sunni and Shia beliefs regarding Islamic leadership?

Sunnis believed the Caliph should be elected based on capability, while Shias believed leadership belonged rightfully to Muhammad's bloodline.

What language was created in Africa by blending Bantu and Arabic?

Swahili.

Who was Mansa Musa and what impact did his Hajj have?

The leader of Mali and wealthiest person in the world, whose massive expenditure of gold during his Hajj pilgrimage caused severe inflation and deserted towns.

What was the Vijayanagara Empire, and who were its founders?

A southern Indian kingdom meaning 'Victorious City' (1336-1646), started by two brothers named Harihara and Bukka.

What new language was formed in South Asia through cultural syncretism of Hindu and Farsi?

Urdu, which became the language of Pakistan.

What was the strategic importance of the Strait of Malacca?

It was the single water trade route connecting South Asia and East Asia, allowing whoever controlled it to monetize and influence valuable regional trade.

What was the Khmer Empire's capital and famous temple complex displaying cultural syncretism?

The capital was Angkor Thom, and the temple complex displaying Hindu and Buddhist syncretism was Angkor Wat.