Fall 2026 Anatomy Exam 1 Muscles

PA: Brachialis

Distal ½ of anterior surface of humerus

DA: Brachialis

Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

A: Brachialis

Elbow flexion

N: Brachialis

Musculocutaneous (C5,C6), and Radial (C5,C7)

PA: Anconeus

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

DA: Anconeus

Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

A: Anconeus

Elbow extension, stabilizes elbow joint

N: Anconeus

Radial (C7,C8,T1)

SA: Anterior Scalene

TP C3-C6

IA: Anterior Scalene

Scalene tubercle of 1st rib

N: Anterior Scalene

AR C4-C6

A: Anterior Scalene

Neck flexion, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

SA: Middle scalene

TP C2-C7

IA: Middle Scalene

Superior surface of 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavian artery

N: Middle Scalene

AR of cervical spinal nerves

A: Middle Scalene

Laterally flexes neck, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

PA:Subclavius

Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilages

DA: Subclavius

Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

N: Subclavius

Nerve to subclavius C5

A: Subclavius

Anchors and depresses clavicle

PA: Levator Scapulae

TPs C1-4

DA: Levator Scapulae

Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine

N: Levator Scapulae

Dorsal Scapular C5, C3,C4

A: Levator Scapulae

Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula

PA: Pectoralis Major

Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle, Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeuorosis of external oblique

DA: Pectoralis Major

Lateral lip of intertubecular groove of humerus

N: Pectoralis Major

Clavicular head: medial and lateral pectoral C6, Sternocostal head: medial and lateral pectoral C7,C8

A: Pectoralis Major

Clavicular head: flexes, adducts, and internally rotates humerus, Sternocostal head: Extends from a flexed position, adducts, and internally rotates humerus

PA: Pectoralis Minor

3rd to 5th ribs near their costal cartilages

DA: Pectoralis Minor

Coracoid process of scapula

N: Pectoralis Minor

Medial Pectoral C8, T1

A: Pectoralis Minor

Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

PA: Trapezius

Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, SP C7-T12

N: Trapezius

Motor: Spinal accessory nerve CN XI, Pain and propioception AR C3,C4

DA: Upper Trap

Lateral third of clavicle and acromion

A: Upper Trap

Elevates, adducts, and upwardly rotates scapula

DA: Middle Trap

Medial margin of acromion and superior lip of spine of scapula

A: Middle Trap

Adducts the scapula

DA: Lower Trap

Spine of scapula

A: Lower Trap

Depresses, adducts, and upwardly rotates scapula

PA: Serratus Anterior

External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs

DA: Serratus Anterior

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

N: Serratus Anterior

Long Thoracic C6,C7

A: Serratus Anterior

Abducts and upwardly rotates scapula. Stabilizes the medial border of the scapula against thoracic wall

PA: Rhomboid Major

SP T2-5

PA: Rhomboid Minor

Nuchal ligament and SP C7, T1

DA: Rhomboid Major

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

DA: Rhomboid Minor

Medial border at root of spine of scapula

N: Rhomboid Major and Minor

Dorsal Scapular C5

A: Rhomboid Major and Minor

Adducts and downwardly rotates scapula

PA: Latissimus Dorsi

Iliac crest, inferior 4 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, and SP T7-T12

DA: Latissimus Dorsi

Floor of intertubecular groove of humerus. Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula.

N: Latissimus Dorsi

Thoracodorsal C6,C7

A: Latissimus Dorsi

Extends, adducts, and internally rotates humerus.

PA: Coracobrachialis

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

DA: Coracobrachialis

Middle 1/3 of medial surface of the humerus

A: Coracobrachialis

Shoulder flexion and adduction

N: Coracobrachialis

Musculocutaneous C6

PA: Teres Major

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

DA: Teres Major

Medial lip of intertubecular groove of humerus

N: Teres Major

Lower subscapular C6

A: Teres Major

Extends, adducts, and internally rotates humerus

PA: Supraspinatus

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

DA: Supraspinatus

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N: Supraspinatus

Suprascapular C5

A: Supraspinatus

Initiates abduction, abducts humerus; depresses and compresses humeral head in glenoid

PA: Infraspinatus

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

DA: Infraspinatus

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N: Infraspinatus

Suprascapular C5

A: Infraspinatus

Externally rotates humerus; depresses and compresses humeral head in glenoid

PA: Teres Minor

Middle part of lateral border of scapula

PA: Teres Minor

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N: Teres Minor

Axillary C5

A: Teres Minor

Externally rotates humerus ; depresses and compresses humeral head in glenoid

PA: Subscapularis

Subscapular fossa

DA: Subscapularis

Lesser tubercle of humerus

N: Subscapularis

Upper and lower subscapular C6

A: Subscapularis

Internally rotates humerus; depresses and compresses humeral head in glenoid

PA: Supinator

Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna

DA: Supinator

Lateral, posterior, and anterior surface of the proximal 1/3rd of radius

A: Supinator

Forearm supination

N: Supinator

Radial (deep branch) C8

PA: Pronator Teres

Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin), Ulnar head: Coronoid process of ulna

DA: Pronator Teres

Lateral mid shaft of radius

A: Pronator Teres

Forearm pronation, elbow flexion

N: Pronator Teres

Median C7

PA: Pronator Quadratus

Distal ¼ of anterior surface of ulna

DA: Pronator Quadratus

Distal ¼ of anterior surface of radius

A: Pronator Quadratus

Forearm pronation. Deep fibers bind radius and ulna together.

N: Pronator Quadratus

Median (anterior interosseous) C8

PA: Anterior Deltoid

Lateral third of clavicle

DA: Anterior Deltoid

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

N: Anterior Deltoid

Axillary C5

A: Anterior Deltoid

Flexes, internally rotates humerus

PA: Middle Deltoid

Acromion

N: Middle Deltoid

Axillary C5

A: Middle Deltoid

Abducts humerus

PA: Biceps Brachii

Short head: coracoid process, Long head: supraglenoid tubercle and superior labrum

PA: Posterior Deltoid

Spine of scapula

DA: Posterior Deltoid

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus