UE Muscles

Which muscles produce medial rotation (inner rotation)?

SPLAT muscles:

Subscapularis

Pec Major

Lats

Anterior Deltoid

Teres Major

Which muscles produce lateral rotation (external rotation)?

TIP muscles:

Tere Minor

Infraspinatus

Posterior Deltoid

Which muscles perform shoulder ADD?

Praise The Lord muscles:

Pec Major

Teres Major

Lats

The Rotator Cuff muscles:

SITS Muscles:

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Scapulohumeral Muscles:

Deltoid

Teres Major

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Subscapularis

Teres Minor

Pectoralis Major

O:

1) clavicular head: ant medial 1/2 clavicle

2) sternal head: larger; ant sternum, sub 6 costal cartilage, EO fascia

I: lateral lip intertubercular sulcus

A:Adduction, Internal Rotation, Flexion, Horizontal adduction

Innervation:

1) clavicular head: C5, C6

2) sternal head: C7, C8, T1

Subclavius

O: Junction 1st rib ad costal cartilage

I: inferior surface middle 1/3 clavicle

A: anchors and depresses clavicle

Innervation: nerve to subclavius: C5, C6

Pectoralis Minor

O: anterior surface of ribs 3-5

I: coracoid process of scapula

A: Abduction (protraction), downward rotation, depression... moves/stabilizes the scapula

Innervation: Medial pectoral nerves: C8, T1

Serratus Anterior

O: external surfaces lateral parts of ribs 1-8

I: anterior surface of medial border of scapula

A: strong protractor of scpula, holds scapula thoracic wall, rotates scapula

Innervation: long thoracic nerve: C5, C6, C7

SALT 57

Serratus Anterior, Long Thoracic, Nerves C5-C7

Trapezius

O: nuchal line, EOP, nuchal lig, SP C7-T12

I: lat 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scap

A: upper: scap elevation

middle: scap retraction

lower: scap depression

Innervation: Spinal Acessory N (CNXL)

Trapezius upper trap vs lower trap

Upper trap dominance -> shoulder hiking/shrugging

Lower trap -> controlled scapular upward rotation

Latissimus Dorsi

O: SP t7-12, Thoracolumbar Fascia, iliac crest, ribs 8/9-12

I: floor of intertubercular sulcus humerus

A: extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms

Innervation: Thoracodorsal N: C6, C7, C8

Touch Down #68

ThoracoDorsal, Nerves C6-8

Levator Scapulae

O: Transverse process of C1-C4

I: superior angle of scapular

A: elevates scapula and rotates glenoid cavity inferioly

Innervation: dorsal scapular N: C4, C5

Rhomboid Major/Minor

O: 1) major: SP T2-T5 2) minor: SP C7-T1

I: Medial border of scap (minor above major)

A: retracts scapula and rotates glenoid inferiorly

Innervation: dorsal scapular n: C4, C5

Deltoid

O: ant: lat 1/3 cla, middle: acromion, post: spine of scap

I: deltoid tuberosity on humerus

A: ant: flexes, middle: abducts arm, post: ext and lat rotates arm

Innervation:

Axillary N: C5, C6

Teres Major

O: posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

I: medial lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus

A: extension, internal rotation, adduction

Innervation: lower subscapular N: C5,C6

Supraspinatus

O: Supraspinous Fossa

I: superiro facet greater tubercle on humerus

A: assists with 1st 15º of ABD; functions with RTC

Innervation: suprascapular n: C4, C5, C6

Infraspinatus

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: middle facet greater tubercle of humerus

A: external rotator of arm; functions w/ RTC

Innervation: suprascapular n: C5,C6

Teres Minor

O: middle part lateral border of scapula

I: inferior facet greater tubercle of humerus

A: ER of arm; functions with RTC

Innervation: Axillary n: C5, C6

Subscapularis

O: subscapular fossa of scapula

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: internal rotator of arm; function with RTC

Innervation: upper/lower subscapular n: C5, C6, C7

Proximal attach: Short head - coracoid process; long head supraglenoid tubercle

Distal attach: tuberosity of radius and fascia of F/A via bicipital aponeurosis

Function: supinates F/A - most powerful supinator; in elbow extension,

acts as elbow flexor

Innervation:

Musculocutaneous:

C5, 6, 7 (BBC)

Biceps Brachii

Prox attach: distal ½ ant humerus

Distal attach: coronoid process/ulna

tuberosity

Function: flexes arm in all positions

Innervation: Musculocutaneous C5, 6, 7

Brachialis

Prox attach: coracoid process

Distal attach: middle 1/3 medial humerus

Function: assist with humeral flex and add

Innervation: Musculocutaneous C5, 6, 7

Coracobrachialis

Prox attach:

• Long head: infraglenoid tubercle

• Medial head: post humerus, distal to radial

groove; medial intermuscular septum

• Lateral head - post humerus, prox to radial

groove; lateral intermuscular septum

Distal attach:

• Olecranon process of ulna

Function: chief elbow extensor; long head

resists inf dislocation

Innervation: Radial n C6, 7, 8

Triceps brachii

Prox attach: lat epicondyle of humerus

Distal attach: Lat olecranon and superior

part of post ulna

Function: Assists tricep with elbow

extension; stabilizes elbow jt

Innervation: Radial n C7, 8, T1

Anconeus